Systematic Study of Nanohybrids of ZnO Nanoparticles toward Enhancement of Gas Hydrate Kinetics and the Application in Energy Storage

Comprehensive Review and Perspectives of CO2 Hydrate Storage in Subseafloor Saline Sediments: Formation, Stability, and Optimization Strategies

“…Research investigations have revealed that adding NPs to surfactant and polymer formulations can significantly enhance the nucleation and growth of CO 2 hydrates in saline sediments. ,, Several strategies can be employed to tailor these formulations for enhanced CO 2 hydrate formation and stability, as summarized in Table . NPs provide nucleation sites for hydrate formation, leading to increased rates of hydrate growth and improved overall conversion of CO 2 into hydrates. , Incorporating NPs into surfactant and polymer formulations improves the stability of CO 2 hydrates. , NPs can act as stabilizers, preventing the dissociation of CO 2 hydrates and contributing to long-term stability under varying environmental conditions in subseafloor saline sediments. ,, NP-assisted surfactant and polymer formulations also allow tuning CO 2 hydrate properties. The careful selection and design of NPs, surfactants, and polymers have allowed researchers to control the size, shape, and distribution of CO 2 hydrate crystals. , This level of control has led to tailored properties that are advantageous for storage and sequestration applications.…”

Growth Kinetics and Porous Structure of Surfactant-Promoted Gas Hydrate

“…This methodology, which provides information over a large range of molecular to macroscopic scales, is implemented with two prototypical surfactant promoters, SDS (sodium dodecyl sulfate) and AOT (dioctyl sulfosuccinate sodium salt or AerosolOcTyl). SDS is a benchmark promoter, to which other surfactant promoters are usually compared; ,, it is often used in combination with other additives, including thermodynamic promoters, , solid porous or nonporous particles, − or soil organic matter …”