“…Natural compounds such as termitomycesphins A-D (Qi et al, 2000), linckosides A-E (Qi et al, 2002(Qi et al, , 2004, panax ginseng (Yamazaki et al, 2001), and nardosinone (Li et al, 2003) as well as synthetic compounds such as 4,5-bis-epi-neovibsanin A (Chen et al, 2010), xaliproden (Sabbagh, 2009), and synthetic verbena chalcone derivatives (Clement et al, 2009) have recently been shown to have NGF-mimicking or NGF-enhancing activity related to neurite outgrowth in a rat adrenal pheochromocytoma cell line (PC12). Previous studies have identified diverse molecular signaling pathways participating in the neuron-protective activities of small natural compounds (Macready et al, 2009;Weng et al, 2011).…”