Synthesis, structure–fluorescence relationships and density functional theory studies of novel naphthalimide–piperazine–pyridine-based polystyrene sensors for Hg(ii) detection

Abstract

<p>Naphthalimide-appended polystyrene fluorescent sensors.</p>

Mercury Toxicity and Detection Using Chromo-Fluorogenic Chemosensors

“…Two polystyrene solid-phase sensors 26 and 27 ( Figure 9 ) were synthesized with different lengths of the linker [ 57 ]. The fluorescence intensity was determined with an excitation wavelength of 401 nm for 26 and 405 nm for 27 .…”

Preparation and properties of a novel polystyrene solid-phase fluorescence pH sensor based on a naphthalimide derivative

“…6-(6-Bromo-1,3-dioxo-1H-benzo[de]isoquinolin-2(3H)-yl) hexanoic acid (I) was synthesized according to the reported method. 13 6-Bromo-1H,3H-benzo[de]isochromene-1,3-dione (0.55 g, 2 mmol) and 6-aminohexanoic acid (0.26 g, 2 mmol) were dissolved in ethanol (50 mL) with string. The reaction was monitored by silica sheets of TLC (Ethyl acetate: Petroleum ether = 2:3, v/v) until the raw materials had been consumed completely.…”

“…These polystyrene microspheres exhibit regular shapes, strong chemical resistance, and diverse functional groups, such as Cl and COOH, on the surface for further chemical modifications. 13 Naphthalimide and its derivatives have high fluorescence quantum yields, large Stokes shifts, and good stability, making them suitable as fluorescence sensors. 14 The naphthalimide structure is a well-known building block that is often employed for the formation of luminescent sensors based on photoinduced electron transfer (PET) design.…”

“…This property favored PET quenching of the excited state of the naphthalimide by electron-rich receptors located at the 4-position. [15][16][17][18] Based on this property, several naphthalimide-based sensors have been reported to detect various ions, including Hg 2+ , 13,19 Cu 2+ , 20 Zn 2+ , 21 Ag + , 22 Pd 2+ , 23 Cd 2+ , 24 Al 3+ , 25 and Cr 3+ . 26 The pH-sensitive naphthalimide derivatives were immobilized on the outer surface of rhodamine-doped silica nanoparticles, gel, TentaGel MB NH 2 , by Trupp and Matthew groups, respectively.…”

Acenaphtoquinoxaline as a selective fluorescent sensor for Hg (II) detection: experimental and theoretical studies

“…However, some prepared sensors have much more detection limit to Hg 2+ ion detection in high sensitivity, most of these receptors are difficult to prepare, or the reactions are not cost-effective. Herein, we prepared a fluorescent sensor by organic synthesis, which has some superior as simple operation, low-cost starting material, avoiding by-product, high yield, and in short reaction time [ 48 , 49 , 50 , 51 , 52 , 53 , 54 , 55 , 56 , 57 , 58 , 59 , 60 , 61 , 62 , 63 , 64 , 65 , 66 ].…”