Synthesis, Stability and Self-Diffusion in Iron Nitride Thin Films: A Review

Gupta, Mukul

doi:10.1007/978-981-15-6116-0_6

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 171 publications

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“…The slope of this line yields the activation energy (E) = 0.36±0.05 eV and D 0 = 2.5±1×10 −17 m 2 sec −1 . The value of E obtained in Co 4 N here is less than the value found in FeN, CoN, and Ni-N 24,25,47,48 . If we extrapolate the line in fig.…”

Section: E N Self-diffusion Measurementscontrasting

confidence: 77%

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Synthesis and study of fcc-Co derived from isostructural Co4N

Kumar,

Deshpande,

Gupta

2021

Preprint

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This work demonstrates synthesis and study of fcc-Co derived from an isostructural Co 4 N. Diffusion measurements carried out in this work, reveal that N self-diffusion is the swiftest in Co 4 N compared to other transition metal nitrides or even the mononitride CoN. By the application of a high substrate temperature (T s ) growth or thermal annealing temperature (T a ); N diffuses out from the fcc-Co 4 N above 573 K leaving behind a high purity fcc-Co phase. Generally, Co grows in a hcp structure and a (partial) hcp→fcc-Co transformation takes place around 700 K or above 70 GPa. The proposed route through nitridation and diffusion of N not only bring down the phase transition temperature, an impurity present in the form of hcp-Co can be avoided altogether. Oriented Co 4 N(111) thin films were grown using a CrN(111) template on a quartz substrate using a dc magnetron sputtering. Samples were grown at different T s or room temperature grown Co 4 N samples were annealed at different T a . Analysis using x-ray diffraction, N K-edge x-ray absorption, x-ray photoelectron and secondary ion mass spectroscopy confirmed the formation of fcc-Co 4 N or fcc-Co phases. It was found that Co-N bonding and N concentration get significantly reduced at a high T s or T a . Magnetization measurements combining ex-situ and in-situ magneto-optical Kerr effect showed differences in anisotropy and coercivity of Co 4 N and fcc-Co samples. Combining structural, electronic and magnetization measurements, it has been observed that a high purity fcc-Co can be conveniently derived from the isostructural Co 4 N aided by an exceptionally high N self-diffusion in Co 4 N.

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Section: E N Self-diffusion Measurementscontrasting

confidence: 77%

“…We can clearly see from this figure that by increasing the annealing temperature, the 15 N peak profile broadens. The width of this 15 N peak at different temperatures can be used to calculate the time average diffusivity (D) as 47 :…”

Section: E N Self-diffusion Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis and study of fcc-Co derived from isostructural Co4N

Kumar,

Deshpande,

Gupta

2021

Preprint

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“…By applying the thin film solution to Fick's law, we can write the tracer concentration c(x, t) of 15 N and 57 Fe as a function of penetration depth (x) using the equation 48,49 where c is a constant, D is diffusion coefficient and t is the annealing time. Therefore, both 57 Fe and 15 N depth profiles were fitted using a gaussian distribution function and the corresponding diffusion coefficients were calculated using the following equation:…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Self-diffusion processes in stoichiometric iron mononitride

Tayal

Pandey

Reddy

et al. 2021

Journal of Applied Physics

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In this work, we studied atomic self-diffusion and structural phase transformation in a single phase iron mononitride (FeN) thin film deposited at an optimized substrate temperature (T s ) of 423 K. At this T s , FeN film exhibit a tetrahedral coordination between Fe and N atoms (ZnS-type structure with lattice parameter of 4.28Å). The structure of FeN film was studied by combining x-ray diffraction with Fe and N K-edge x-ray absorption spectroscopy and conversion electron Mössbauer spectroscopy measurements. Selfdiffusion of Fe and N was measured using secondary ion mass spectroscopy depth profiling in trilayer structures: [FeN(50 nm)/ 57 FeN(2 nm)/FeN(50 nm)] and [FeN(50 nm)/Fe 15 N(2 nm)/FeN(50 nm)] deposited on an amorphous quartz substrate using reactive magnetron sputtering. It was found that atomic self-diffusion is strongly associated with the thermal stability. Before reaching the phase decomposition temperature, the self-diffusion of N was found to be slower than Fe. Upon phase decomposition, both Fe and N diffuse rapidly, and at this stage, the self-diffusion of N takes over Fe. Within the thermally stable state, slower N diffusion indicates that Fe-N bonds are stronger than Fe-Fe bonds in FeN. This behavior was predicted theoretically and has been evidenced in this work.

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“…For the early 3d TMNs, mostly the MN (M = metal) stoichiometry is prevalent but some reports of M 2 N phase have also observed e.g. Cr 2 N and Nb 2 N [3,7,8]. On the other hand, a significant change in stoichiometry is observed as M 3 N and M 4 N, etc.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%