The five new copper(I) complexes [Cu 2 (μ-Cl) 2 (κ 1 -PCP t-Bu )] (1), [Cu 2 (μ-Br) 2 (κ 1 -PCP t-Bu )] ( 2), [Cu 2 (μ-I) 2 (κ 1 -PCP t-Bu )] (3), [Cu 2 (μ-CN) 2 (κ 1 -PCP t-Bu )] (4), and [Cu 4 (μ 3 -SCN) 4 (κ 1 -PCP t-Bu ) 2 ]•CH 2 Cl 2 (5) bearing a 1,3-bis[(di-tert-butylphosphino)methyl]benzene ligand were synthesized and characterized spectroscopically, and the molecular structures of 1, 3, and 5 were determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction techniques. Structural studies for 1 and 3 revealed their binuclear structures with Cu••• Cu separations of 2.609(3) and 2.6359(19) Å, respectively. However, 5 has a tetranuclear cubane structure with an 18-electron configuration at each copper without any metal−metal bonds. The two copper centers in 1 and 3 are bonded to one bridging PCP t-Bu ligand in a κ 1 -manner and two bridging (pseudo)halido ligands in a μ 2 -bonding mode to generate a nonplanar Cu 2 (μ-X) 2 framework. The four copper centers in 5 are at the vertices of a tetrahedron. Each copper center has pseudo-tetrahedral coordination provided by two bridging PCP t-Bu ligands in a κ 1 -manner and the four bridging thiocyanate groups in a μ 3 -manner. These complexes were used as catalysts for the hydrogenation of CO 2 to formate in the presence of DBU as a base to produce valuable energy-rich chemicals, and therefore it is a promising, safe, and simple strategy to conduct reactions under ambient pressure at room temperature. Among all of the five copper(I) complex based catalysts, 3 displayed the best catalytic performance with turnover number (TON) values of 38−8700 in 12−48 h of reaction at 25−80 °C. The outstanding catalytic performance of [Cu 2 (μ-I) 2 (κ 1 -PCP t-Bu )] (3) makes it a potential candidate for realizing the large-scale production of formate by CO 2 hydrogenation.