Synthesis of PNIPAM–PEG Double Hydrophilic Polymers Using Oleic Acid Macro Peroxide Initiator

Abstract

This work refers to the synthesis of a new double hydrophilic thermo‐responsive polymer using fatty acid macroperoxide initiator, N‐isopropyl acryl amide (NIPAM) and polyethylene glycol with two primary amine ends (PEGNH2). For this purpose, oleic acid was spread out onto a petri dish and exposed to air oxygen at room temperature for 2 months. The obtained fatty acid macro‐peroxide initiator was used in the free radical polymerization of NIPAM in the presence of PEGNH2. Poly oleic acid‐g‐PNIPAM‐g‐PEG graft copolymers were successfully obtained. Lower critical solution temperature (LCST) of the graft copolymer was determined by using UV‐Vis spectrometry with a sensible heating unit. Morphology of the fractured surface of the double hydrophilic polymers was visualized by using SEM micrographs. Graft copolymers with LCST close to body temperature were obtained by changing PEG inclusion. Structural characterization, thermal analysis and size exclusion chromatography measurements of the obtained products were done.

Ecofriendly Autoxidation of Castor Oil/Ricinoleic Acid. Multifunctional Macroperoxide Initiators for Multi Block/Graft Copolymers

“…1 were found to be 0.67 wt.% for Prici and 1.45 wt.% for Pcast while the precursors, pure ricinoleic acid and castor oil, showed less than 0.1 wt.% of peroxide. The peroxide content of Prici is nearly the same as that of oleic acid macroperoxide initiator, which was recently reported (Hazer et al, ). One of the confirmations of the peroxide formation in the macroperoxide initiators was the elemental analysis indicating an increase in the O% of oxidized castor oil and ricinoleic acid.…”

“…Peroxide analysis of Prici and Pcast was carried out according to the procedure reported in cited reference (Hazer et al, ). For example, a mixture of Prici (or Pcast) (1.0 g), 2‐propanol (30 mL), acetic acid (5 mL), and saturated aqueous solution of KI (1 mL) was refluxed for 10 min.…”

“…Despite it takes longer oxidation time, our motivation is ecofriendly autoxidation of the unsaturated vegetable oils and fatty acids, which is carried out at room temperature under daylight and atmospheric conditions, without using any catalyst. In this manner, macroperoxide initiators were obtained from linseed oil (Cakmakli et al, ), soybean oil (Hazer and Kalaycı, ), linoleic acid (Allı et al, ), linolenic acid (Allı and Hazer, ), and oleic acid (Hazer et al, ) by this way.…”

The preparation of chitosan membrane improved with nanoparticles based on unsaturated fatty acid for using in cancer-related infections

“…Auto-oxidation of oleic acid was carried out according to previously established works 37,38 with slight modifications. A small amount (18 g) of oleic acid was poured onto a petri dishes (Φ = 14.5 cm, oil thickness: 1.0 mm) and subjected to under air oxygen at room temperature for about 4 months.…”

Preparation of flocculant for optimizing glycol lignin manufacturing process by cationization of glycol lignin

“…Effect on flocculation efficiency of P200G1 at different temperature et al suggested that the LCST of the polymer increased with increases in the amount of PEG[26].…”