Synthesis of novel pyridinium N‐chloramine precursors and its antimicrobial application on cotton fabrics

Abstract

To control pathogenic microbial contamination on polymeric material surface, it is pivotal to develop materials with efficacious antimicrobial activity. Two pyridinium N-chloramine precursors containing a siloxane handle were synthesized, characterized, and grafted onto cotton fabrics. The attenuated total reflectance spectra and scanning electron microscope photo analysis indicated that the cotton fabric surface was successfully modified. The resultant chlorinated fabric samples were challenged against bacteria Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 and Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923. Results showed that: (1) the surface modified cotton fabrics displayed satisfactory biocidal efficacy; (2) the precursor structure played a major role on surface grafting and antibacterial activity. This work provides two promising pyridinium N-chloramine precursors which hold potential application for preparing antibacterial textile materials.

Siloxanes—Versatile Materials for Surface Functionalisation and Graft Copolymers

“…Two types of pyridinium N -chloramine precursors were anchored to the surface of cotton utilising the reaction of their alkoxysilane functionalities with the hydroxyl groups present on the surface of cotton ( Figure 8 ) [ 6 ]. Following grafting, the precursors needed to be chlorinated with bleach, in order to temporarily bestow upon them antibacterial properties.…”

“…The Si-O bond is a highly versatile chemical linkage that can be found in a great variety of materials and molecules, linking together inorganic [ 1 , 2 , 3 ] and organic species [ 4 , 5 , 6 ], as well as being a building block for polymers [ 7 , 8 , 9 ] and sophisticated 3D oligomers [ 10 , 11 ]. In the role of linkage, the siloxane bond is robust, chemically resistant to an array of environments and easily established, e.g., via the reaction of silanes with organic or inorganic hydroxyl groups [ 6 , 12 , 13 ]. Conversely, systems containing repeating siloxane bonds—polysiloxanes—tend to exhibit good mechanical properties (ranging from elastomeric to more rigid, dependent on the molecular weight of the polymers, introduced substituents and the use of cross-linking reactions), medium-high solubility in common organic solvents, self-assembling and film-forming properties, as well as low dielectric constants and, frequently, biocompatibility [ 14 ].…”

Antimicrobial activity of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) n-doped with a pyridinium-containing polyelectrolyte

“…27 It is worth noting that the antimicrobial properties of polymers containing pyridinium halides like quaternary nitrogen salts are well known. [28][29][30][31][32] The antimicrobial activity of these polyelectrolytes depends on the adsorptive activities on the surface of bacterial 5 cells as well as their destruction and the pKa values of the corresponding pyridines, while factors controlling their antimicrobial activity are molecular hydrophobicity, adsorbability, surface activity and electron density of the ammonium nitrogen atom. [28][29][30][31][32][33] Therefore, PEDOT films reduced with P(Py-1,4-P) are potential candidates to behave not only as n-doped electrodes, but also as efficient antimicrobial materials for Finally, de-doped PEDOT films were n-doped by chronoamperometry, applying a constant reduction potential during 300 s, in a 10 mM P(Py-1,4-P) aqueous solutions.…”

A Polysiloxane Delivery Vehicle of Cyclic N-Halamine for Biocidal Coating of Cellulose in Supercritical CO2

“…Many biocidal functionalities such as N -halamines ( N -chloramines and N -bromamines) [ 5 , 6 , 7 ], antibiotics [ 8 , 9 ], quaternary ammonia salts [ 10 , 11 , 12 ], reactive oxygen species [ 13 , 14 ], and heavy-metal ions [ 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 ] have been incorporated onto cellulose to give an antibacterial ability. N -halamines, produced by halogenation of imide/amide/amine N−H to N−X (X=Cl, Br), have many advantages, since they are highly powerful, rechargeable, broad-spectrum, and not susceptible to bacterial resistance.…”