Synthesis of Methyl Isobutyl Ketone over Pd/MgO/SiO₂

Abstract

In this paper, we have examined the activity and selectivity of catalysts for the one-step, gas phase production of methyl isobutyl ketone (MIBK) from acetone (propanone) over the temperature range 373-573 K. The catalysts used were an impregnated MgO/silica, a Pd-MgO/silica formed from coimpregnation of the nitrates, and a Pd supported on a 1% Mg doped silica, Pd/Mg-SiO 2 . Using MgO/silica, mesityl oxide (MO) was formed with 100% selectivity at 373 and 473 K. Addition of Pd gave 100% selectivity to MIBK at 373 K, albeit at low conversion. Pd-MgO/silica revealed a promotional effect of the MgO on the hydrogenation function of the Pd and a promotional effect of the Pd on the aldol condensation activity of the MgO. The Pd/Mg-SiO 2 catalyst showed high selectivity but low conversion, as no promoting effect was observed.

Catalytic hydro-deoxygenation of acetic acid, 4-ethylguaiacol, and furfural from bio-oil over Ni 2 P/HZSM-5 catalysts

“…[36] also proposed the same reaction route during the synthesis of methyl isobutyl ketone (MIK) over Pd/MgO/SiO 2 . On the other hand, MO was not detected in our work, which can be explained by the fact that the reaction from MO to MIK is spontaneous (enthalpy: ∆H 400 K (kcal/mol) = −14.5; Gibbs free energy: ∆G 400 K (kcal/mol) = −12.1) [36,37]. Here, it can thus be speculated that the formation of BTXM can be caused by a further aldol condensation between mesityl oxide (MO) and acetone, followed by dehydration, hydrogenation, and isomerization.…”

Catalytic upgrading of bio‐oil: Hydrodeoxygenation study of acetone as molecule model of ketones

“…MIK is considered a crucial product at low temperature. Similarly, Gamman et al [ 34 ] reported an aldol condensation reaction pathway of acetone to form MIK over Pd/MgO/SiO 2 catalysts. Reaction (6) is the mainly hydrogenated reaction to form propane.…”

“…For example, mesitylene can be formed through that route. [ 34,39 ] In addition, other alkylbenzenes were probably produced via further isomerization and deoxygenation reaction of intermediates (C 6 ‐C 9 ketones). Reaction (7) illustrated a reversible reaction between acetone and acetic acid.…”

Copper Supported on Ceria Mesocellular Foam Silica as an Effective Catalyst for Reductive Condensation of Acetone to Methyl Isobutyl Ketone

“…Many different supports have been applied as catalysts for the two first steps in the MIBK production, whereas the preferred metals chosen for the hydrogenation step have been noble metals, such as Pd, [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14] Pt, [9,[15][16][17] and Rh. [18] Noble metals are known to be efficient in hydrogenation reactions, however, their high cost has stimulated the search for cheaper alternatives, such as Ni [9,19,20] and Cu.…”