Synthesis of maleic anhydride grafted polyethylene and polypropylene, with controlled molecular structures

Influence of styrene on grafting efficiency of maleic anhydride onto natural rubber

“…Figure 2(b) indicates two extra absorption signals at 1,855 and 1,778 cm −1 , which can be assigned to asymmetric and symmetric CO stretching vibration modes of five‐membered cyclic anhydride, respectively. This observation is similar to the grafting of MA on PE, PP, SI, and SBS based polymers 2–4, 16, 18, 19. This evidence can therefore be used to confirm that the MA had grafted onto the NR backbone in a manner similar to several reports of the form of a succinic anhydride unit.…”

“…This figure reveals that, by increasing the amount of initiator from 0.5 to 1.0 % by mole, the grafting content increased about two times. This may be explained by the fact that, by increasing the amount of BPO, the concentration of the radical sites on the rubber chain may be increased, leading to an increase of the possibility of the reaction between MA and the rubber chain, which is similar to the results obtained for grafting of MA onto polyolefins 4, 10. However, when the amount of BPO was increased to 1.25 and 1.5% by mole, the % MA grafting increased at the early stage of reaction (2 h of reaction time), thereafter % MA could not be determined, as the crosslinking reaction occurred in both cases.…”

“…It was mentioned in the case of MA modified polyolefins that the MA has low reactivity with itself and its grafting onto the polymer backbone is due to the deficiency of electron density around the double bond as well as the high steric hindrance resulting from disubstitution 1–4. It was also found in our case that the grafting efficiency of MA on the NR was poor.…”

A Study on Melt Grafting of N-Halamine Moieties onto Polyethylene and Their Antibacterial Activities

“…As the initial concentration of monomers were increased from 150 to 450 mpm, regardless of the initial peroxide concentrations, the grafting contents in the case of MAM increased from about 70 to 315 mpm, under the same condition the grafting contents of NTAAM were increased from 70 to 200 mpm (Figure a,b). More interestingly, the grafting content is a monotonic function of the monomer concentration, which is contradictory to radical copolymerization of MAH onto PE . In agreement with FTIR spectra, no measurable nitrogen element detected in the samples prepared with NTMAM.…”

“…More interestingly, the grafting content is a monotonic function of the monomer concentration, which is contradictory to radical copolymerization of MAH onto PE. 25 In agreement with FTIR spectra, no measurable nitrogen element detected in the samples prepared with NTMAM.…”