Synthesis of C₆₀/Graphene Composite as Electrode in Supercapacitors

Hybrids of Fullerenes and 2D Nanomaterials

“…Bilayer films Pristine Pristine a) Thermal evaporation deposition Excited-state charge transfer [73] Pristine Pristine Thermal evaporation deposition Graphene Moiré pattern [23] Pristine Pristine chemical vapor deposition Negative photoconductivity [26] Pristine Pristine Spray coating FET/p-type behavior [74] Pristine Pristine Thermal evaporation deposition FET/On/off ratio: 3 × 10 3 [25] Pristine Pristine Thermal evaporation deposition Strain lattice imprinting [24] Pristine Pristine Thermal evaporation deposition - [20] Pristine Pristine -Single-molecule junctions [22] Derivative Pristine Thermal evaporation deposition Single-molecule junctions [75] Derivative Pristine Immersed method Single-molecule junctions [76] Derivative Pristine Immersed method Single-molecule junctions [77] Physical blends Pristine Pristine Acid treatment Lithium ion batteries/capacity: 784 mAh g −1 [78] Pristine GO b) Thermal treatment Supercapacitors/capacity: 135.36 F g −1 [31] Pristine rGO c) Liquid-liquid interfacial precipitaion FET devices/p-type behavior [30] Pristine Pristine Ultrasonic treatment Solar cell PCE: 0.85% [83] Pristine GO Ultrasonic treatment Catalysis/redox of biomolecules [84] Pristine GO Ultrasonic treatment Sensor/oxidation of cis-jasmone [85] Pristine rGO c) Ultrasonic treatment Sensor/detection of glucose [87] Pristine Pristine graphene was synthesized by either chemical vapor deposition (CVD) or exfoliation of graphite; b) Graphene oxide (GO) was prepared by a modified Hummers method; c) Reduced graphene oxide (rGO) was synthesized via reduction of GO by a reductant such as hydrazine.…”

“…These features can be explained by the water-soluble GO-fullerene hybrid not only increasing the surface area of the electrode but also facilitating the fixation of PTA on the electrode as conductive medium. [31] C 60 particles on the GO surface served as spacers in the C 60 /graphene hybrid to support the graphene sheets. [85] The electrochemical responses of PTA-C 60 -GO/graphite electrode (GE) were found to be sensitive to the direct oxidation of CJ and provided a short analysis time, convenience, and good accuracy.…”

“…[84] Soon after this work, the same group extended these PTA-GO-fullerene films to the field of electrochemical sensing in terms of the direct oxidation of cis-jasmone (CJ). [31] Apart from physical blending, a new approach for constructing fullerene-graphene noncovalent hybrids was developed by Gournis and co-workers in 2015. [85] The enhanced catalytic ability of PTA-C 60 -GO/GE was because the partially reduced C 60 in the electropolymeric process exhibited a favorable conductivity as an effective electron-transfer medium compared to that of the pure GO film.…”

Electrochemically Active Phosphotungstic Acid Assisted Prevention of Graphene Restacking for High‐Capacitance Supercapacitors

“…Other rGO nanocomposites containing "spacers" have also been reported with improved electrochemical performances compared with neat rGO, such as CNTs@rGO, [45,46] phosphomolybdic acid@rGO (PMoW@rGO), [47] carbon black@rGO (CB@rGO), [48] polyani-line@rGO (PANI@rGO), [42] ionic liquid@rGO (IL@rGO), [49] PILs@rGO, [17] C 60 @rGO, [15] and OPVs@rGO. [18] Among these composites, PTA@rGO represents comparable or superior performances, as shown in Figure 9.…”

“…[11] Particular attention has recently been concentrated on noncovalent functionalization through polymer wrapping, adsorption of organic surfactants, intercalation of small molecules, and incorporation with carbonaceous materials. [15] The C S of C 60 @rGO hybrid electrode was calculated to be Direct reduction of graphene oxide usually leads to the agglomeration of the as-generated graphene sheets, thus suppressing the surface exposed for energy storage. [13] For instance, Li and co-workers [14] demonstrated that water molecules can serve as an effective "spacer" to prevent the restacking of rGO sheets.…”