Synthesis and properties of colloidal indium phosphide quantum dots

Abstract

Semiconductor colloidal quantum dots possessing unique spectral luminescent characteristics are of great interest for the development of novel materials and devices, which are promising to be used in var ious fields. However, the contemporary high quality quantum dots contain Cd, Pb, Hg, Se, and Te ions and are toxic, with this circumstance limiting their wide practical application. Therefore, the attention of researchers has recently been focused on A III B V semiconductor quantum dots-in particular, InP ones, which are markedly more environmentally safe. InP quantum dots have spectral characteristics similar to those of well studied CdSe quantum dots and can, in principle, replace the latter in many cases, especially, taking into account their more pronounced size effect caused by the narrow energy gap and the large Bohr radius of the exciton. Moreover, the stronger InP covalent bond than the ionic one in A II B VI semiconductors makes it possible to expect that they have a higher photostability and stability in active media. This work pre sents a review of the modern literature devoted to the synthesis and properties of colloidal indium phosphide quantum dots, which are very promising for use as substitutes of toxic cadmium based quantum dots.

An anticounterfeiting technology combining an InP nanoparticle ink and a versatile optical device for authentication

“…The Bohr radii of III-V systems are larger compared to II-VI materials, which create stronger quantum confinement 39 . InP among all III-V semiconductors is of great interest due to its stability and low toxicity compared to heavy metals cadmium and mercury 40 . The bulk bandgap of InP is 1.35 eV (918 nm) having a large Bohr radius that generates a wider optical range from visible to near-infrared (NIR) 41 .…”

Synthesis of surface-modified quantum dots

“…Unfortunately, the width of the particle size distribution in the case of pnictides is considerably greater than that of chalcogenides, requiring an additional stage of sedimentation fractionation. 39 A specifi c feature of the above reactions is that during the synthesis long-chain ligands become attached to the QD surface by their functional groups (phosphines, phos-…”

Developing Lattice Matched ZnMgSe Shells on InZnP Quantum Dots for Phosphor Applications

“…The QDs with the highest photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) and color purity are all based on cadmium or lead. − Because of the high toxicity of these metals, their use is restricted or banned from the use in consumer products . Hence, there is an active search to find alternatives for cadmium- and lead-based QD materials. − One of the best candidates is indium phosphide (InP). Much has been tried to optimize InP QDs by both computational and experimental work. ,,− However, in terms of color purity and chemical stability, these QDs (maximum reported full width at half-maximum (FWHM) of 35 nm) are not yet on par with Cd-based QDs (maximum reported FWHM of 20 nm). − …”