2008
DOI: 10.1002/adfm.200800368
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Synthesis and Optical Properties of KYF4/Yb, Er Nanocrystals, and their Surface Modification with Undoped KYF4

Abstract: KYF4/Yb3+, Er3+ nanocrystals with a mean diameter of approximately 13 nm were synthesized at 200 °C in the high boiling organic solvent N‐(2‐hydroxyethyl)ethylenediamine (HEEDA). The particles crystallize in the cubic phase known from α‐NaYF4 and form transparent colloidal solutions in tetraethylene glycol (TEG) or propanol. Solutions containing 1 wt % of the nanocrystals in TEG display visible upconversion emission upon continuous wave (CW) excitation at 978 nm. Growing undoped KYF4 on the surface of the KYF4… Show more

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Cited by 214 publications
(138 citation statements)
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“…[ 12 ] In this trend, many researches have been focused on optimizing the host materials, and signifi cant signal improvments have been reported via different approaches, such as tuning the size of host particles, depressing unwanted phonon effects, and reducing the quenching induced by surface effects. [13][14][15][16][17] Meanwhile, another line of research has been focused on improving the light collection effi ciency of the lanthanide ions with sensitizers, a material exhibiting strong light aborption at the wavelengths which match the intermediate energy levels of the upconverting lanthanide ions. Today, one of the most effi cient lanthanide-ion-based UCL materials is the Er 3 + doped hexagonal phase NaYF 4 crystal sensitized by Yb 3 + ions (i.e., the Yb 3 + ions collect the pumping light and trasfer the energy to Er 3 + ions, which then upconvert photon enery via the lone-lived ladder-form energy levels).…”
Section: Doi: 101002/adma201200220mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…[ 12 ] In this trend, many researches have been focused on optimizing the host materials, and signifi cant signal improvments have been reported via different approaches, such as tuning the size of host particles, depressing unwanted phonon effects, and reducing the quenching induced by surface effects. [13][14][15][16][17] Meanwhile, another line of research has been focused on improving the light collection effi ciency of the lanthanide ions with sensitizers, a material exhibiting strong light aborption at the wavelengths which match the intermediate energy levels of the upconverting lanthanide ions. Today, one of the most effi cient lanthanide-ion-based UCL materials is the Er 3 + doped hexagonal phase NaYF 4 crystal sensitized by Yb 3 + ions (i.e., the Yb 3 + ions collect the pumping light and trasfer the energy to Er 3 + ions, which then upconvert photon enery via the lone-lived ladder-form energy levels).…”
Section: Doi: 101002/adma201200220mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In order to increase the optical efficiency of doped nanocrystals, a shell of pure host material has been grown around the core particles to separate the lightemitting ions (Er 3+ or Tm 3+ ) from solvent molecules and ligands on the nanoparticle surface [27,28]. Although the existence of high vibrational frequencies resulting from organic surfactants coated on the particle surface will decrease the upconversion emission efficiency, this can sometimes be used to tune the upconversion emission color (green-to-red ratio) [27].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…13 nm, das über die HEEDA-Route hergestellt wurde. [214] Die Nanokristalle zeigten eine geringe Lumineszenzeffizienz, die aber signifikant durch eine Umhüllung mit undotiertem Material verbessert werden konnte (siehe Abschnitt 3.4.1).…”
Section: Mittlerweile Gibt Es Eine Vielzahl Von Publikationen Zur Synunclassified
“…[59,69,175,214,228,259,411,416] [59,214,259,411] Die ermittelten Intensitätsverhältnisse zwischen Referenz und nanopartikulären UC-Leuchtstoffproben zeigen eine starke Abhängigkeit von der Laserleistung, dem Zustand und der Größe der Nanopartikel und bewegen sich im Bereich von 100 bis 150 000. [59,214,259,411] -Nanopartikeln bestimmt; abhängig von der Partikelgröße wurden Werte von 0.005 bis 0.3 ermittelt. [416] 3.4.1.…”
Section: Das Kern-schale-konzeptunclassified
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