Synthesis and functionalities of poly (N-vinylalkylamide). IV. Synthesis and free radical polymerization ofN-vinylisobutyramide and thermosensitive properties of the polymer

Abstract

Pyrolysis of (N‐α‐isopropoxyethyl)isobutyramide, which was obtained by the reaction of isobutyramide, 2‐propanol, and acetaldehyde in the presence of conc. sulfuric acid, produced N‐vinylisobutyramide (NVIBA). The free radical polymerization of NVIBA was carried out in various solvents in the presence of a radical initiator. It was found that the polymerizability of NVIBA is similar to that of N‐vinylacetamide. The resulting polyNVIBA showed a lower critical solution temperature (LCST) sharply at 39°C. Thermosensitive properties of polyNVIBA were investigated in comparison with poly(N‐isopropylacrylamide). © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Polym Sci A: Polym Chem 35: 1763–1768, 1997

Synthesis of Thermosensitive Poly(N-vinylamide) Derivatives Bearing Oligo Ethylene Glycol Chain for Kinetic Hydrate Inhibitor

“…Actually, the LCSTs of 10 and 11 were about 90 °C, determined by transmittance, so the LCST of those polymers should have been observed at around 90 °C. Heat flow energy values of the polymers were slightly lower than that of poly­( N -isopropyl­acrylamide) (PNIPAM). ,, In concrete terms, heat flow values of PNIPAMs were above 0.6 J/g and 4.8 kJ/mol or above 2.3 kJ/mol . On the other hand, the values for the OEG side chain poly­( N -vinylamide) derivatives were 0.3–0.63 J/g, which were not so different.…”

“…The thermosensitive behaviors of poly­( N -vinylamide) derivatives have also been studied, such as poly­( N- vinylpyrrolidone) (PNVP), − poly­( N -vinylcaprolactam) (PNVC), − poly­( N -vinylacetamide) (PNVA), − and others. − Among them, N -vinylacetamide (NVA) is a nonring structure unlike N -vinylpyrrolidone (NVP) or N -vinylcaprolactam (NVC), into which any functional substituent can be freely introduced. N -Vinylformamide (NVF) is also a nonring structure and is more hydrophilic than NVA. , In addition, it is known from other applications that poly­( N -vinylformamide) (PNVF) and PNVA can change to cationic polyvinylamine by hydrolysis under acidic or alkali conditions .…”

Effects of Hydrophobic Modifications and Phase Transitions of Polyvinylamine Hydrogel Films on Reversible CO2 Capture Behavior: Comparison between Copolymer Films and Blend Films for Temperature‐Responsive CO2 Absorption

“…[23,24] It is known that the thermal-responsive behavior of a polymer in aqueous solution is related to the balance of two or more opposite forces between either the polymers with each other or with the solvent via hydrogen bonding or the hydrophobic interaction, therefore thermal responsibility can be introduced into a hydrophilic polymer like PVAm by copolymerization with a more hydrophobic monomer. [14,22,[25][26][27][28][29] The pendant amine groups of PVAm, in addition to acting as the functional groups for CO 2 capture, are convenient for such a hydrophobic chemical modification. Analogously to the DMAPM-functionalized PNIPAm-based thermal-responsive GPs, modified PVAmbased copolymers with phase transition behaviors are expected to show high CO 2 release efficiency in a low regeneration temperature (75 °C).…”

Effect of Water Interactions on Polyvinylamine at Different pHs for Membrane Gas Separation

“…3−5 PVAm has been synthesized following different routes. 6,7 However, from polyacrylamide by the Hofmann reaction 8 is the most used route. High molecular weight PVAm can also be obtained commercially.…”