Abstract:Objective:The aim of this study was to produce dense granules of tricalcium phosphate
(β-TCP) and magnesium (Mg) substituted β-TCP, also known as β-TCMP (Mg/Ca=0.15
mol), in order to evaluate the impact of Mg incorporation on the physicochemical
parameters and in vitro biocompatibility of this novel
material.Material and Methods:The materials were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), infrared
spectroscopy (FTIR), electron microscopy and inductively coupled plasma (ICP).
Biocompatibility was assayed acc… Show more
“…Our results showed that calcium/phosphorus content of DPSCs 1 b-TCP was significantly higher than that of DPSCs 1 nHAC/PLA. Tavares et al 56 reported that mitochondrial activity was similar between the MC3T3 pre-osteoblasts exposed to b-TCP extracts and the untreated cells using metabolic impairment tests, the results proved that b-TCP granules were able to release Ca 2 1 and PO 4 23 into media without cytotoxicity. It has been suggested that calcium phosphate biomaterials were resorbed in vivo in two ways: chemical dissolution and cellmediated degradation dissolution.…”
The objective of this study is to compare the effects of the two calcium phosphate composite scaffolds on the attachment, proliferation, and osteogenic differentiation of rabbit dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs). One nano-hydroxyapatite/collagen/poly (l-lactide) (nHAC/PLA), imitating the composition and the micro-structure characteristics of the natural bone, was made by Beijing Allgens Medical Science & Technology Co., Ltd. (China). The other beta-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP), being fully interoperability globular pore structure, was provided by Shanghai Bio-lu Biomaterials Co, Ltd. (China). We compared the absorption water rate and the protein adsorption rate of two scaffolds and the characterization of DPSCs cultured on the culture plate and both scaffolds under osteogenic differentiation media (ODM) treatment. The constructs were then implanted subcutaneously into the back of severely combined immunodeficient (SCID) mice for 8 and 12 weeks to compare their bone formation capacity. The results showed that the ODM-treated DPSCs expressed osteocalcin (OCN), bone sialoprotein (BSP), type I collagen (COLI) and osteopontin (OPN) by immunofluorescence staining. Positive alkaline phosphatase (ALP) staining, calcium deposition and calcium nodules were also observed on the ODM-treated DPSCs. The absorption water rate and protein adsorption rate of nHAC/PLA was significantly higher than β-TCP. The initial attachment of DPSCs seeded onto nHAC/PLA was significantly higher than that onto β-TCP; and the proliferation rate of the cells was also significantly higher than that of β-TCP on 1, 3, and 7 days of cell culture. The ALP activity, calcium/phosphorus content and mineral formation of DPSCs + β-TCP were significantly higher than DPSCs + nHAC/LA. When implanted into the back of SCID mice, nHAC/PLA alone had no new bone formation, newly formed mature bone and osteoid were only observed in β-TCP alone, DPSCs + nHAC/PLA and DPSCs + β-TCP, and this three groups displayed increased bone formation over the 12-week period. The percentage of total bone formation area had no difference between DPSCs + β-TCP and DPSCs + nHAC/PLA at each time point, but the percentage of mature bone formation area of DPSCs + β-TCP was significantly higher than that of DPSCs + nHAC/PLA. Our results demonstrated that the DPSCs on nHAC/PLA had a better proliferation, and that the DPSCs on β-TCP had a more mineralization in vitro, much more newly formed mature bones in vivo were presented in DPSCs + β-TCP group. These findings have provided a further knowledge that scaffold architecture has different influence on the attachment, proliferation and differentiation of cells. This study may provide insight into the clinical periodontal bone tissue repair with DPSCs + β-TCP construct.
“…Our results showed that calcium/phosphorus content of DPSCs 1 b-TCP was significantly higher than that of DPSCs 1 nHAC/PLA. Tavares et al 56 reported that mitochondrial activity was similar between the MC3T3 pre-osteoblasts exposed to b-TCP extracts and the untreated cells using metabolic impairment tests, the results proved that b-TCP granules were able to release Ca 2 1 and PO 4 23 into media without cytotoxicity. It has been suggested that calcium phosphate biomaterials were resorbed in vivo in two ways: chemical dissolution and cellmediated degradation dissolution.…”
The objective of this study is to compare the effects of the two calcium phosphate composite scaffolds on the attachment, proliferation, and osteogenic differentiation of rabbit dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs). One nano-hydroxyapatite/collagen/poly (l-lactide) (nHAC/PLA), imitating the composition and the micro-structure characteristics of the natural bone, was made by Beijing Allgens Medical Science & Technology Co., Ltd. (China). The other beta-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP), being fully interoperability globular pore structure, was provided by Shanghai Bio-lu Biomaterials Co, Ltd. (China). We compared the absorption water rate and the protein adsorption rate of two scaffolds and the characterization of DPSCs cultured on the culture plate and both scaffolds under osteogenic differentiation media (ODM) treatment. The constructs were then implanted subcutaneously into the back of severely combined immunodeficient (SCID) mice for 8 and 12 weeks to compare their bone formation capacity. The results showed that the ODM-treated DPSCs expressed osteocalcin (OCN), bone sialoprotein (BSP), type I collagen (COLI) and osteopontin (OPN) by immunofluorescence staining. Positive alkaline phosphatase (ALP) staining, calcium deposition and calcium nodules were also observed on the ODM-treated DPSCs. The absorption water rate and protein adsorption rate of nHAC/PLA was significantly higher than β-TCP. The initial attachment of DPSCs seeded onto nHAC/PLA was significantly higher than that onto β-TCP; and the proliferation rate of the cells was also significantly higher than that of β-TCP on 1, 3, and 7 days of cell culture. The ALP activity, calcium/phosphorus content and mineral formation of DPSCs + β-TCP were significantly higher than DPSCs + nHAC/LA. When implanted into the back of SCID mice, nHAC/PLA alone had no new bone formation, newly formed mature bone and osteoid were only observed in β-TCP alone, DPSCs + nHAC/PLA and DPSCs + β-TCP, and this three groups displayed increased bone formation over the 12-week period. The percentage of total bone formation area had no difference between DPSCs + β-TCP and DPSCs + nHAC/PLA at each time point, but the percentage of mature bone formation area of DPSCs + β-TCP was significantly higher than that of DPSCs + nHAC/PLA. Our results demonstrated that the DPSCs on nHAC/PLA had a better proliferation, and that the DPSCs on β-TCP had a more mineralization in vitro, much more newly formed mature bones in vivo were presented in DPSCs + β-TCP group. These findings have provided a further knowledge that scaffold architecture has different influence on the attachment, proliferation and differentiation of cells. This study may provide insight into the clinical periodontal bone tissue repair with DPSCs + β-TCP construct.
“…The main reflection for βTCP is located at 31.02° and the 2 1 7 plane in βMgTCP reflects at 31.06°. HAp displays its most prominent peak representing the 2 1 1 reflectance plane at 31.80° 34, 37, 38, 40 .Figure 6Observed XRD Diffractograms and Rietveld Refinements for Heat Treated Atlantic Salmon Bone. Each inset displays the observed diffractogram on top followed by refinement results on bottom; diagnostic reflectance planes and corresponding 2 θ angles for each phase are indicated in the observed diffractograms; separated phases are presented in the refinement sections; hydroxylapatite (HAp) is represented in black, whitlockite (WH) in blue, and beta magnesium tricalcium phosphate (βMgTCP) in red; ( A ) salmon caudal vertebra heat treated at 500 °C demonstrating diagnostic reflectance peaks for WH and HAp; ( B ) salmon caudal vertebra heat treated at 600 °C demonstrating diagnostic reflectance peaks for βMgTCP and HAp; ( C ) well developed biphasic HAp-βMgTCP in a salmon caudal vertebra after treatment at 800 °C.
…”
Ichthyoarchaeological evidence is uncommon at ancient hunter-gatherer sites from various regions and timeframes. This research contributes to the development of microarchaeological techniques useful for identifying fishing economies in situations where classifiable bones are unavailable. Specifically, traces of heat altered bone mineral in domestic hearths are expected to provide markers for discarded fish remains. We used a series of laboratory incineration experiments to characterize the mineralogy of burned salmonid vertebrae. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and x-ray diffraction distinguished the formation of beta magnesium tricalcium phosphate (βMgTCP) at temperatures as low as 600 °C. Bones from a sample of game mammals and birds did not form this phase at temperatures below 1,000 °C. We propose that this neoformed mineral can serve as a proxy for hunter-gatherer salmonid fishing when typical ichthyoarchaeological evidence is absent. Using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, it will be possible to rapidly and inexpensively determine the presence of βMgTCP in fragmentary burned bone remains associated with combustion features. The occurrence of βMgTCP in archaeological hearth features will offer a new means of further evaluating the temporal, geographic, and cultural scope of salmonid harvesting. We also acknowledge the value of biphasic hydroxylapatite-βMgTCP recovered from Atlantic salmon vertebrae as a bioceramic.
“…One possible explanation for these results may be the direct contact between material and cells, which was the approach used by these authors. Tavares et al (2013) used a concentration of 100 mg mL -1 of bone substitute/medium in the assay of proliferation and cell viability. These authors found that β-TCP did not differ from control group after 24 hours.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…A pilot test was carried out to select which method of cell contact (direct or indirect) would be used, since both are found in the literature (Bernhardt, Lode, Peters, & Gelinsky, 2011;Doostmohammadi et al, 2011;Tavares, Castro, Soares, Alves, & Granjeiro, 2013;Vaziri, Vahabi, Torshabi, & Hematzadeh, 2012). The direct method provided higher rates of cell death compared to the indirect method, thus the latter one was chosen.…”
Section: Preparation Of Conditioned Mediummentioning
ABSTRACT. The aim of this study was to evaluate the indicators of osteogenesis, cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of an experimental beta tri-calcium phosphate (experimental β-TCP) compared with two other bone substitutes: bovine hydroxyapatite (HA) (Bio-Oss ® -Geistlich) and beta tri-calcium phosphate (β-TCP -Bionnovation). The cell viability and genotoxicity were measured by MTT and MNT assay, respectively. The indicators of osteogenesis were analyzed by alkaline phosphatase activity, total protein content, and calcium deposition. The MTT and MNT assay showed that none of the tested materials was cytotoxic nor genotoxic. Concerning the indicators of osteogenesis, it was observed that cells in contact with all the materials were able to induce the osteogenesis and this process was influenced by the period of the cell culture in contact with bone substitutes. Based on the results of this study, it was concluded that this experimental β-TCP appears to be a promising material as a bone substitute.Keywords: Beta tri-calcium phosphate, bovine hydroxyapatite.Análise dos indicadores da osteogênese, citotoxicidade e genotoxicidade de um β-TCP experimental comparado a outros substitutos ósseos RESUMO. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar os indicadores da osteogênese, citotoxicidade e genotoxicidade de um beta-tricálcio fosfato (β-TCP experimental) comparado com dois outros substitutos ósseos : Hidroxiapatita Bovina (HA) (Bio-Oss ® -Geistlich) e beta-tricálcio fosfato (β-TCPBionnovation). A viabilidade celular e genotoxicidade foram mensuradas pelos ensaios MTT e MNT, respectivamente. Os indicadores da osteogênese foram analisados pela atividade de fosfatase alcalina (ALP), conteúdo de proteína total, e deposição de cálcio. Os ensaios MTT e MNT mostraram que nenhum dos materiais testados foi citotóxico ou genotóxico. Em relação aos indicadores da osteogênese, foi observado que as células em contato com todos os materiais foram capazes de induzir a osteogênese, e que esse processo foi influenciado pelo período da cultura celular em contato com os substitutos ósseos. Baseado nos resultados desse estudo, conclui-se que este β-TCP experimental parece ser um material promissor para ser utilizado como substituto ósseo.Palavras-chave: Beta-tricálcio fosfato, Hidroxiapatita Bovina.
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