Synergy of cancer immunotherapy and radiotherapy

Mansfield, Aaron S.; Park, Sean S.; Dong, Haidong

doi:10.18632/aging.100730

Cited by 10 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 8 publications

(9 reference statements)

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“…The antitumor activity of cytotoxic T cells can be observed in the non-irradiated field. Such Abscopal responses can be achieved by irradiating either primary or metastatic tumors [13][14][15][16][17][18].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Abscopal Response to Radiation Therapy in a Patient with Metastatic Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: A Case Report

Katayama¹,

Tamiya²,

Koba³

et al. 2017

J Cancer Sci Ther

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IntroductionThe Abscopal effect refers to radiation-induced tumor regression in lesions that are distant from a targeted site, and has been recognized for six decades as a rare, unexplained phenomenon in patients receiving local radiotherapy [1]. According to our knowledge, the radiation therapy is not available in patients with multiple metastatic cancer. The abscopal effect is observed outside the treated field of radiation, but it is underrecognized in the clinical practice [2,3]. Recent studies have suggested that the Abscopal effect may result from radiotherapyinduced immune system-mediated cancer cell death [4][5][6]. In support of this hypothesis, the Abscopal effect was reported in a patient who was treated with ipilimumab and fractionated radiotherapy [7]. However, the possibility that ipilimumab alone might be responsible for the patient's response cannot be ruled out, because some non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients receiving immunotherapeutic agents such as nivolumab achieved good responses and longer progressionfree survival rates [8,9].We encountered a patient with metastatic NSCLC who experienced the Abscopal effect after whole-brain radiotherapy (WBRT) and palliative radiation for vertebral metastasis in a patient. Case PresentationA 63-year-old man who was a current smoker (40 cigarettes a day for 43 years) presented with worsening dysgraphia and memory impairment. Chest radiography and computed tomography (CT) revealed a 4 cm solitary tumor in the upper lobe of the left lung with mediastinal lymphadenopathy, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed a 3 cm solitary tumor, assumed to be a metastatic lesion, with cerebral edema extending from the left temporal lobe to the occipital lobe. Bronchoscopic cytology from the lung tumor revealed malignant cells that were consistent with NSCLC. Bone scintigraphy with AbstractIntroduction: The Abscopal effect refers to radiotherapy-induced tumor regression in lesions distant from a targeted site, and is a rare phenomenon in patients receiving local radiotherapy. This report is the first to describe an Abscopal response in a chemotherapy-naïve non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patient following whole-brain radiotherapy as well as palliative radiotherapy.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Abscopal Response to Radiation Therapy in a Patient with Metastatic Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: A Case Report

Katayama¹,

Tamiya²,

Koba³

et al. 2017

J Cancer Sci Ther

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“…28 The mechanisms driving the synergistic effect between radiotherapy and checkpoint inhibition are a topic of active investigation and continue to be elucidated. 9,10,29 Nevertheless, the present study contributes understanding of how mdSBRT influences CD8 + T-cell immunophenotypic changes and how such changes are associated with clinical outcomes. These T TR cells’ function and associated disease control could, in theory, be further potentiated by anti-PD-1 therapy in addition to their clonal expansion.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

Prospective Immunophenotyping of CD8+ T Cells and Associated Clinical Outcomes of Patients With Oligometastatic Prostate Cancer Treated With Metastasis-Directed SBRT

Evans

Morris

Zhang

et al. 2019

International Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*Physics

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“…In one case, anti-MAGEA3 antibodies were found on serologic testing, revealing an association between the abscopal effect and a systemic antitumor immune response [ 42 ]. Radiotherapy has the potential to overcome numerous mechanisms of tumor immune evasion and also produce tumor specific cytotoxic T-cells [ 43 , 44 ]. Radiotherapy has also been shown to increase the expression of PD-L1 on tumor cells [ 45 ].…”

Section: Future Horizonsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Current Immunotherapies for Sarcoma: Clinical Trials and Rationale

Mitsis

Francescutti

Skitzki

2016

Sarcoma

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Sarcoma tumors are rare and heterogeneous, yet they possess many characteristics that may facilitate immunotherapeutic responses. Both active strategies including vaccines and passive strategies involving cellular adoptive immunotherapy have been applied clinically. Results of these clinical trials indicate a distinct benefit for select patients. The recent breakthrough of immunologic checkpoint inhibition is being rapidly introduced to a variety of tumor types including sarcoma. It is anticipated that these emerging immunotherapies will exhibit clinical efficacy for a variety of sarcomas. The increasing ability to tailor immunologic therapies to sarcoma patients will undoubtedly generate further enthusiasm and clinical research for this treatment modality.

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Synergy of cancer immunotherapy and radiotherapy

Cited by 10 publications

References 8 publications

An Abscopal Response to Radiation Therapy in a Patient with Metastatic Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: A Case Report

An Abscopal Response to Radiation Therapy in a Patient with Metastatic Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: A Case Report

Prospective Immunophenotyping of CD8+ T Cells and Associated Clinical Outcomes of Patients With Oligometastatic Prostate Cancer Treated With Metastasis-Directed SBRT

Current Immunotherapies for Sarcoma: Clinical Trials and Rationale

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