Synergy and antagonism in natural product extracts: when 1 + 1 does not equal 2

Caesar, Lindsay K.; Cech, Nadja B.

doi:10.1039/c9np00011a

Cited by 500 publications

(428 citation statements)

References 172 publications

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“…Although taking a low dose of drugs does not lead to a high incidence of resistant strains, it does not achieve good clinical effects, and increasing the dose might eradicate the pathogen with aggravating side effects. Multiple drug combinations can better resolve these issues [90][91][92][93]. According to drug synergy theory, multiple drugs used together do not yield a simple effect of 1 + 1 = 2; they may have a synergistic or antagonistic effect [92].…”

Section: Drug Synergy and Mutant Prevention Theoriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Multiple drug combinations can better resolve these issues [90][91][92][93]. According to drug synergy theory, multiple drugs used together do not yield a simple effect of 1 + 1 = 2; they may have a synergistic or antagonistic effect [92]. Synergistic effects can improve drug efficacy and prevent the emergence of drug-resistant bacteria because of the difficulty in producing multiple drug mutants [93].…”

Section: Drug Synergy and Mutant Prevention Theoriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Using Probiotics as Supplementation for Helicobacter pylori Antibiotic Therapy

Yang

2020

IJMS

103

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Helicobacter pylori is a well-known pathogen that is highly prevalent in the world population, and H. pylori infection is potentially hazardous to humans because of its relationship to various gastrointestinal diseases, such as gastric ulcers, chronic gastritis, and gastric carcinoma. Therefore, the clinical guidelines recommend taking antibiotic therapy to eradicate the pathogen, which usually leads to the desired therapeutic effect. However, some failure cases of this therapy indicate that the increasing antibiotic resistance and side effects may affect the therapeutic effect. Here we propose that using probiotics as supplementation for antibiotic therapy may provide an extra help. Recent studies have shown that probiotic supplementation therapy has promising application prospects; it can enhance the antibiotic effect to achieve a better therapeutic result and maintain the balance of the host gastrointestinal microbiota. In summary, under global conditions of increasing H. pylori prevalence, probiotic supplementation therapy is worthy of further studies for future clinical application.

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Section: Drug Synergy and Mutant Prevention Theoriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Drug Synergy and Mutant Prevention Theoriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using Probiotics as Supplementation for Helicobacter pylori Antibiotic Therapy

Yang

2020

IJMS

103

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“…[72][73][74][75][76] Such systems have the ability to interrogate multiple chemical components and their combinations simultaneously, without purification of individual constituents. 5,79 These novel, non-targeted platforms also have the advantage of generating strong, testable mechanism of action hypotheses without requiring assumptions or prior knowledge regarding those mechanisms. 77,78 These may include effects by constituents on each others' solubility (or other aspects of bioavailability) or toxicity.…”

Section: In Vitro Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…77,78 These may include effects by constituents on each others' solubility (or other aspects of bioavailability) or toxicity. 5,79 These novel, non-targeted platforms also have the advantage of generating strong, testable mechanism of action hypotheses without requiring assumptions or prior knowledge regarding those mechanisms.…”

Section: In Vitro Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improving natural product research translation: From source to clinical trial

et al. 2019

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While great interest in health effects of natural product (NP) including dietary supplements and foods persists, promising preclinical NP research is not consistently translating into actionable clinical trial (CT) outcomes. Generally considered the gold standard for assessing safety and efficacy, CTs, especially phase III CTs, are costly and require rigorous planning to optimize the value of the information obtained. More effective bridging from NP research to CT was the goal of a Septe mber, 2018 trans disci plina ry workshop. Participants emphasized that replicability and likelihood of successful translation depend on rigor in experimental design, interpretation, and reporting across the continuum of NP research. Discussions spanned good practices for NP characterization and quality control; use and interpretation of models (computational through in vivo) with strong clinical predictive validity; controls for experimental artefacts, especially for in vitro interrogation of bioactivity and mechanisms of action; rigorous assessment and interpretation of prior research; transparency in all reporting; and prioritization of research questions. Natural product clinical trials prioritized based on rigorous, convergent supporting data and current public health needs are most likely to be informative and ultimately affect public health. Thoughtful, coordinated implementation of these practices should enhance the knowledge gained from future NP research. K E Y W O R D S clinical predictive validity, dietary supplements, model systems, rigor and replicability, value of information | 43 SORKIN et al.still provide invaluable guidance, the results of such trials are often met with concerns that different design choiceswhether of product, dose, timing, participant eligibility criteria, outcomes, etc.-might have yielded a substantially different result. Each interventional trial represents a substantial investment, with well-powered Phase III CTs typically consuming more than $10 million and many person-years. 9,10 Additionally, as time and funds are limited, and participant pools may also be constrained, a decision to invest in a CT often precludes pursuing other research questions, 11 which may provide more useful public health-relevant knowledge than an RCT with an insufficient evidence base.

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“…77 But in recent years, there is a growing recognition of the fact that synergism between plant extracts plays an important role in many biological activities. 78,79 The Bryophyta family of non-vascular plants include 67 species in the area of interest of this review article. None of them has been studied for either anti-inflammatory or antioxidant activity.…”

Section: Plant Materials Preparation Extractionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antioxidant and Anti-inflammatory Activities of Plants Extracts of Israel and Palestine. Unexplored Paradise

Azab

2019

ECB

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Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities are among the most important properties of plant materials used by humans. For many medicinal plants and other natural products sources, there is clear relationship between these properties. Despite the fact that some approved, commercial drugs were developed from natural products that possess these properties, published literature scan reveals a disappointing image, in some geographical regions, with rich flora, the vast majority of these plants were never studied for antioxidant and/or anti-inflammatory activities. Expectedly, some plant families were extensively studied, while others, with some of the most common and widespread plant species, were almost totally ignored. In this review, we will introduce the current situation of studying medicinal properties of plants, especially antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities, on the central part of the Eastern region of the Mediterranean basin. We will also present an overall view of future research opportunities and scientific collaborations. These opportunities and collaborations must be based on systematic mapping of current knowledge.

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Synergy and antagonism in natural product extracts: when 1 + 1 does not equal 2

Abstract: This report documents the cellular, molecular, and analytical methods used to identify combination effects in complex natural product mixtures.

Cited by 500 publications

References 172 publications

Using Probiotics as Supplementation for Helicobacter pylori Antibiotic Therapy

Using Probiotics as Supplementation for Helicobacter pylori Antibiotic Therapy

Improving natural product research translation: From source to clinical trial

Antioxidant and Anti-inflammatory Activities of Plants Extracts of Israel and Palestine. Unexplored Paradise

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