Synaptic Plasticity and Dysconnection in Schizophrenia

Stephan, Klaas Ε.; Baldeweg, Torsten; Friston, Karl J.

doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2005.10.005

Cited by 758 publications

(646 citation statements)

References 119 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

584

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…In fact, interactions of glutamatergic NMDAR (N-Methyl-D-Aspartate receptor) and dopamine receptors are a key mechanism in multiple pathophysiological theories of schizophrenia (Frohlich & Van Horn, 2014 Q5 ). NMDARs play a key role in synaptic transmission and in the synaptic plasticity underlying fundamental cognitive functions such as learning and memory (Zorumski & Izumi, 2012) and it has been hypothesized that modulation of plasticity underlying predictive representations is abnormal in schizophrenia (Javitt, 2004;Moghaddam & Javitt, 2012;Stephan, Baldeweg, & Friston, 2006;Stephan, Friston, & Frith, 2009). Beyond predictive processes, there is now much evidence for a general hypofunction of NMDARs in schizophrenia (Coyle, 2012;Heekeren et al, 2008;Stahl, 2007;Umbricht & Krljes, 2005).…”

Section: Schizophreniamentioning

confidence: 99%

Visual mismatch negativity (vMMN): A review and meta-analysis of studies in psychiatric and neurological disorders

Kremláček

Kreegipuu

Tales

et al. 2016

Cortex

113

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The visual mismatch negativity (vMMN) response is an event-related potential (ERP) component, which is automatically elicited by events that violate predictions based on prior events. VMMN experiments use visual stimulus repetition to induce predictions, and vMMN is obtained by subtracting the response to rare unpredicted stimuli from those to frequent stimuli. One increasingly popular interpretation of the mismatch response postulates that vMMN, similar to its auditory counterpart (aMMN), represents a prediction error response generated by cortical mechanisms forming probabilistic representations of sensory signals. Here we discuss the physiological and theoretical basis of vMMN and review thirty-three studies from the emerging field of its clinical applications, presenting a meta-analysis of findings in schizophrenia, mood disorders, substance abuse, neurodegenerative disorders, developmental disorders, deafness, panic disorder and hypertension. Furthermore, we include reports on aging and maturation as they bear upon many clinically relevant conditions. Surveying the literature we found that vMMN is altered in several clinical populations which is in line with aMMN findings. An important potential advantage of vMMN however is that it allows the investigation of deficits in predictive processing in cognitive domains which rely primarily on visual information; a principal sensory modality and thus of vital importance in environmental information processing and response, and a modality which arguably may be more sensitive to some pathological changes. However, due to the relative infancy of research in vMMN compared to aMMN in clinical populations its potential for clinical application is not yet fully appreciated. The aim of this review and meta-analysis therefore is to present, in a detailed systematic manner, the findings from clinically-based vMMN studies, to discuss their potential impact and application, to raise awareness of this measure and to improve our understanding of disease upon fundamental aspects of visual information processing. Furthermore, we include reports on aging and maturation as they bear upon many clinically relevant conditions. Surveying the literature we found that vMMN is altered in several 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120 121 122 123 124 125 126 127 128 clinical populations which is in line with aMMN findings. An important potential advantage of vMMN however is that it allows the investigation of deficits in predictive processing in cognitive domains which rely primarily on visual information; a principal sensor...

show abstract

Section: Schizophreniamentioning

confidence: 99%

Visual mismatch negativity (vMMN): A review and meta-analysis of studies in psychiatric and neurological disorders

Kremláček

Kreegipuu

Tales

et al. 2016

Cortex

113

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…1997; Friston 1998; Stephan et al. 2006; Wang et al. 2012) which, from a graph theoretical network perspective, would be supported by reduced clustering coefficient, reduced local efficiency, longer path length, and lower global efficiency.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reduced specialized processing in psychotic disorder: a graph theoretical analysis of cerebral functional connectivity

et al. 2016

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

BackgroundPrevious research has shown that the human brain can be represented as a complex functional network that is characterized by specific topological properties, such as clustering coefficient, characteristic path length, and global/local efficiency. Patients with psychotic disorder may have alterations in these properties with respect to controls, indicating altered efficiency of network organization. This study examined graph theoretical changes in relation to differential genetic risk for the disorder and aimed to identify clinical correlates.MethodsAnatomical and resting‐state MRI brain scans were obtained from 73 patients with psychotic disorder, 83 unaffected siblings, and 72 controls. Topological measures (i.e., clustering coefficient, characteristic path length, and small‐worldness) were used as dependent variables in a multilevel random regression analysis to investigate group differences. In addition, associations with (subclinical) psychotic/cognitive symptoms were examined.ResultsPatients had a significantly lower clustering coefficient compared to siblings and controls, with no difference between the latter groups. No group differences were observed for characteristic path length and small‐worldness. None of the topological properties were associated with (sub)clinical psychotic and cognitive symptoms.ConclusionsThe reduced ability for specialized processing (reflected by a lower clustering coefficient) within highly interconnected brain regions observed in the patient group may indicate state‐related network alterations. There was no evidence for an intermediate phenotype and no evidence for psychopathology‐related alterations.

show abstract

“…Although typically occurring against a backdrop of generalized cognitive impairment, disease-related deficits in episodic memory for events encoded in time and place can be dissociated from disruptions in executive functions that serve to guide action and thought (Nestor et al, 2004). These neuropsychological deficits may also each involve different pathophysiology, as twin studies have strongly implicated genetic factors in executive dysfunction, whereas nongenetic influences may preferentially impact memory disturbance (Cannon et al, 2000).As the "primary expression of the schizophrenic brain" (Heinrichs, 2005, p. 229), neuropsychological disturbances of memory and executive functions have increasingly been theorized to reflect sequelae not of focal brain abnormalities but of pathological connectivity among brain regions (Andreasen et al, 1999;McGlashan & Hoffman, 2000;Nestor et al, 1998Nestor et al, , 2004Stephan, Baldeweg, & Friston, 2006;Weinberger, Berman, Suddath, & Torrey, 1992;Winterer, Coppola, Egan, Goldberg, & Weinberger, 2003). Wernicke (1906) first ascribed a central role in the expression of schizophrenia to anatomical abnormalities of association fiber tracts traveling between frontal and temporal lobes.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Wernicke (1906) first ascribed a central role in the expression of schizophrenia to anatomical abnormalities of association fiber tracts traveling between frontal and temporal lobes. More recently, neuroimaging findings that showed abnormal functional connectivity in schizophrenia have echoed Wernicke's seminal, generative idea of disease-related disruption in the functional integration of neural systems as a core element of the pathophysiology of the schizophrenic brain (see Friston, 1998;Stephan et al, 2006).Magnetic resonance diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) provides a noninvasive method for assessing the integrity of specific white matter tracts that functionally connect distinct networks of segregated areas across the brain. As such, the long-standing question of abnormal connectivity in schizophrenia can be assessed by examining DTI of particular white matter tracts in the human brain.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Neuropsychological disturbance in schizophrenia: A diffusion tensor imaging study.

Nestor¹,

Kubicki²,

Niznikiewicz³

et al. 2008

Neuropsychology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Patients with schizophrenia and healthy control subjects underwent both neuropsychological evaluation and magnetic resonance diffusion tensor imaging, during which the cingulum bundle (CB) and the uncinate fasciculus (UF) were defined with fiber tractography and their integrity was quantified. On the basis of prior findings, it was hypothesized that neuropsychological disturbance in schizophrenia may be characterized, in part, by 2 dissociable functional neuroanatomical relationships: (a) executive functioning-CB integrity and (b) episodic memory-UF integrity. In support of the hypothesis, hierarchical regression results indicated that reduced white matter of the CB and the UF differentially and specifically predicted deficits in executive functioning and memory, respectively. Neuropsychological correlates of the CB also extended to lower generalized intelligence, as well as to reduced visual memory that may be related to failures of contextual monitoring of to-be-remembered scenes. Reduced white matter of the CB and the UF may each make distinct contributions to neuropsychological disturbance in schizophrenia.Correspondence concerning this article should be addressed to Paul G. Nestor, Department of Psychology, University of Massachusetts, Boston, MA 02125-3393. paul.nestor@umb.edu. NIH Public Access Author ManuscriptNeuropsychology. Author manuscript; available in PMC 2009 December 10. Published in final edited form as:Neuropsychology. & Kahn, 1999;Heinrichs, 2005;Heinrichs & Zakzanis, 1998;McKenna, 1991;O'Carroll, 2000;Saykin et al., 1994;Weinberger, Berman, & Zec, 1986). Although typically occurring against a backdrop of generalized cognitive impairment, disease-related deficits in episodic memory for events encoded in time and place can be dissociated from disruptions in executive functions that serve to guide action and thought (Nestor et al., 2004). These neuropsychological deficits may also each involve different pathophysiology, as twin studies have strongly implicated genetic factors in executive dysfunction, whereas nongenetic influences may preferentially impact memory disturbance (Cannon et al., 2000).As the "primary expression of the schizophrenic brain" (Heinrichs, 2005, p. 229), neuropsychological disturbances of memory and executive functions have increasingly been theorized to reflect sequelae not of focal brain abnormalities but of pathological connectivity among brain regions (Andreasen et al., 1999;McGlashan & Hoffman, 2000;Nestor et al., 1998Nestor et al., , 2004Stephan, Baldeweg, & Friston, 2006;Weinberger, Berman, Suddath, & Torrey, 1992;Winterer, Coppola, Egan, Goldberg, & Weinberger, 2003). Wernicke (1906) first ascribed a central role in the expression of schizophrenia to anatomical abnormalities of association fiber tracts traveling between frontal and temporal lobes. More recently, neuroimaging findings that showed abnormal functional connectivity in schizophrenia have echoed Wernicke's seminal, generative idea of disease-related disruption in the functional integration of ...

show abstract

Synaptic Plasticity and Dysconnection in Schizophrenia

Cited by 758 publications

References 119 publications

Visual mismatch negativity (vMMN): A review and meta-analysis of studies in psychiatric and neurological disorders

Visual mismatch negativity (vMMN): A review and meta-analysis of studies in psychiatric and neurological disorders

Reduced specialized processing in psychotic disorder: a graph theoretical analysis of cerebral functional connectivity

Neuropsychological disturbance in schizophrenia: A diffusion tensor imaging study.

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About