Sympathetic sudomotor function and aging

Ferrer, Teresa; Mj, Ramos; Pérez–Sales, Pau; Pérez-Jiménez, Angeles; Alvarez, Eduvigis

doi:10.1002/mus.880180405

Cited by 39 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…They found that sweating volume on QSARTis greater in menand progressively declines with age at lower extremity sites. Also, there is a report that the density of sweating glands was decreased with aging (20). In this study, all subjects aged under 65 years old were recruited and there was no significant difference in age or sex between non-diabetic controls and diabetic patients (Table 1).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 71%

Early Detection of Orthostatic Hypotension by Quantitative Sudomotor Axon Reflex Test (QSART) in Type 2 Diabetic Patients

et al. 2003

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Objective Orthostatic hypotension is caused by autonomic nerve dysfunction, mainly by severe sympathetic nerve dysfunction in diabetic patients. Diabetes affects the peripheral nerves in a length-dependent manner.Quantitative sudomotor axon reflex test (QSART)is one of the sensitive tests for detecting sympathetic nerve function. Weexamined the relation between orthostatic hypotension and QSARTat the foot and hand in type 2 diabetic patients.Methods Thirty-eight type 2 diabetic patients (age, 48.9±11.9 years; duration of diabetes, 13.4±8.6 years) and 13 age-matched non-diabetic controls were evaluated. All subjects aged under 65 years old were recruited. All subjects underwent Schellong tests and quantitative sudomotor axon reflex tests (QSART)at the back of the hand and dorsum of the foot. Results The sweating volume at the foot dorsum, but not the back of the hand, during the first 10 minutes of QSART was significantly related to the orthostatic hypotension on the Schellong test. In patients with normal, borderline and abnormal blood pressure response to standing, 6 out of 17 (35.3%), 9 out of 12 (75.0%) and 9 out of 9 (100%) had decreased sweating volume of the foot dorsum, respectively. Conclusions Our results suggest that orthostatic hypotension may be detected early by QSART at the dorsum of the foot in type 2 diabetic patients. (Internal Medicine 42: 560-564, 2003)

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 71%

Early Detection of Orthostatic Hypotension by Quantitative Sudomotor Axon Reflex Test (QSART) in Type 2 Diabetic Patients

et al. 2003

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“…With advancing age in both rodents and humans, exteroception and proprioception become impaired (Foster et al, 1976;Macintosh and Sinclair, 1978;Kenney and Fowler, 1988;Schmidt et al, 1990;Ferrell et al, 1992;AbdelRahman and Cowen, 1993;de Neeling et al, 1994;Gescheider et al, 1994;Ferrer et al, 1995;Quoniam et al, 1995;Robbins et al, 1995). Peripheral nerves of aged animals show both loss of fibers and degenerative changes (Cowen et al, 1982;Dhall et al, 1986;Mione et al, 1988;Cowen and Thrasivoulou, 1990;Navarro and Kennedy, 1990;Abdel-Rahman and Cowen, 1993).…”

Section: Sensory Impairments and Selective Vulnerability During Agingmentioning

confidence: 96%

Loss of primary sensory neurons in the very old rat: Neuron number estimates using the disector method and confocal optical sectioning

Bergman

Ulfhake

1998

J. Comp. Neurol.

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Loss of neurons has been considered to be a prime cause of nervous disturbances that occur with advancing age. However, the notion of a constitutive aging-related loss of neurons has been challenged recently in several studies that used up-to-date methods for counting neurons. In this study, we have applied stereological techniques with the objective of obtaining quantitative data on total neuron numbers and the distribution of neuron cross-sectional areas in the fifth cervical (C5) and fourth lumbar (L4) dorsal root ganglion (DRG) of 3- and 30-month-old Sprague-Dawley rats. Tissue data were recorded on a confocal laser-scanning microscope with the use of the optical-disector technique and random, systematic sampling. Aged rats of both sexes disclosed only a small decrease (approximately 12%) in the number of cervical and lumbar DRG neurons. Furthermore, there was no significant correlation between the degree of neuron loss and the extent of behavioral deficits among the aged individuals. The DRG neurons of aged rats had a smaller mean cross-sectional area (approximately 15%; P < 0.001) at both DRG levels. Further analysis of the male cohorts was carried out by using isolectin B4 and neurofilament subunit (phosphorylated 200 kDa; RT97) immunoreactivity (IR) as selective markers for unmyelinated and myelinated axons, respectively, and disclosed no significant change in the relative frequencies of immunoreactive neuron profiles in the old rats. However, RT97-IR DRG neurons of the aged rats had significantly smaller cross-sectional areas (approximately 9% in C5; approximately 16% in L4; P < 0.001) than the young adult rats, indicating a selective cell body atrophy among myelinated primary afferents during aging. The results indicate that loss of primary sensory neurons cannot exclusively explain the functional deficits in sensory perception among senescent individuals. It seems likely that other factors at the subcellular level and/or target interaction(s) contribute substantially to the sensory impairments observed with advancing age.

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“…Sweat drops imprint in the silastic material and quantification is determined by measuring the number of activated sweat glands per square centimetre. Sensitivity of the silastic method has not been evaluated [75,76].…”

Section: Other Tests Of Sudomotor Functionmentioning

confidence: 99%