Symmetrical Bis(heteroarylmethoxyphenyl)alkylcarboxylic Acids as Inhibitors of Leukotriene Biosynthesis

Abstract

Symmetrical bis(quinolylmethoxyphenyl)alkylcarboxylic acids were investigated as inhibitors of leukotriene biosynthesis and 4, 4-bis(4-(2-quinolylmethoxy)phenyl)pentanoic acid sodium salt (47.Na) met our design parameters for a drug candidate (ABT-080). This compound was readily synthesized in three steps from commercially available diphenolic acid. Against intact human neutrophils, 47.Na inhibited ionophore-stimulated LTB(4) formation with an IC(50) = 20 nM. In zymosan-stimulated mouse peritoneal macrophages producing both LTC(4) and PGE(2), 47.Na showed 9000-fold selectivity for inhibition of LTC(4) (IC(50) = 0.16 nM) over PGE(2) (IC(50) = 1500 nM). Preliminary pharmacokinetic evaluation in rat and cynomolgus monkey demonstrated good oral bioavailability and elimination half-lives of 9 and 5 h, respectively. Pharmacological evaluation of leukotriene inhibition with oral dosing was demonstrated in a rat pleural inflammation model (ED(50) = 3 mg/kg) and a rat peritoneal passive anaphylaxis model (LTB(4), ED(50) = 2.5 mg/kg; LTE(4), ED(50) = 1.0 mg/kg). In a model of airway constriction induced by antigen challenge in actively sensitized guinea pigs, 47.Na dosed orally blocked bronchoconstriction with an ED(50) = 0.4 mg/kg, the most potent activity we have observed for any leukotriene inhibitor in this model. The mode of inhibitory action of 47.Na occurs at the stage of 5-lipoxygenase biosynthesis as it blocks both leukotriene pathways leading to LTB(4) and LTC(4) but not PGH(2) biosynthesis. However, 47.Na does not inhibit 5-lipoxygenase catalysis in a broken cell enzyme assay; therefore it is likely that 47.Na acts as a FLAP inhibitor.

Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs): A Comparative QSAR Study

“…29 Compounds were tested in vivo for anti-inflammatory activity. Pleural inflammation was induced in male rats by the intrapleular injection of the calcium ionophore A-23187.…”

“…For a series of hetero-aryl-methoxy-phenyl-alkoxyimino-alkyl-carboxylic acids with substitution in the iminoxy linking group L, the anti-inflammatory activity was assayed by measuring the percent inhibition produced by the po administration of the compounds at 3 mg/kg of the calcium ionophore (A-23187)-induced rat pleurisy. 29 The RPI% values listed in Table 4 were used to formulate eq 4.…”

New Perspectives in the Modulation of the Eicosanoid Cascade in Inflammation

“…Although a series of imidazole compounds derived from ZD-2138 showed low IC 50 and good in vivo activity following oral administration, CJ-12918, the most active metabolite among these molecules, was discontinued because of toxicity [101]. Molecules designed to chelate the active iron were also developed as 5-LO inhibitors.…”

Inhibitors of 5-lipoxygenase activating protein: WO 2008/030369

“…Patents (2009) 19 (10) compound inhibited both in vitro and in vivo LT synthesis without affecting the known mechanisms involved in this pathway [5]. Later, a hybrid quinoline-indole compound, MK-591, was synthesised [6] and another FLAP inhibitor, ABT-080, also overlapped with the MK-591 binding site [7]. Moreover, a quinoline-class LT synthesis inhibitor, BAY X1005, was shown to possess anti-inflammatory properties [8].…”