Sweetpotato Viruses: 15 Years of Progress on Understanding and Managing Complex Diseases

Clark, Christopher A.; Davis, Jeffrey A.; Abad, Jorge; Cuellar, Wilmer J.; Fuentes, Segundo; Kreuze, Jan; Gibson, R. W.; Mukasa, Settumba B.; Tugume, Arthur K.; Tairo, Fred; Valkonen, Jari P. T.

doi:10.1094/pdis-07-11-0550

Cited by 205 publications

(213 citation statements)

References 134 publications

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“…Assessing germplasm diversity across regions, the level yield losses due to virus diseases, spatio-temporal scales of disease prevalence will constitute the main activities under this research question. Importantly, East Africa as a region including Uganda is a cradleland and centre of diversification of dozens of important plant viruses decimating important crops there and elsewhere (Ndungruru et al, 2005(Ndungruru et al, , 2015Tairo et al, 2005;Fargette et al, 2006;Tugume et al, 2010aTugume et al, ,b, 2013Mbanzibwa at al., 2011;Legg et al, 2011;Clark et al, 2012). …”

Section: Several Viruses and Virus Diseases Infecting Cucur-bitaceousmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, virus diseases in nonpriority crops at local or regional scale when ignored or left to 'fallow' may constitute none investigated pathosystems as sources of harmful viruses in surrounding cropping systems (Jones et al, 2010;Lebeda and Burdon, 2013). An example is the watermelon/pumpkin pathosystem in eastern Africa including Uganda that has not been studied, despite pumpkins being common intercrops of other well characterized pathosystems such as cassava (Legg et al, 2011;Ndunguru et al, 2015) and sweetpotato (Valverde, 2007;Clark et al, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Incidence of viruses and virus-like diseases of watermelons and pumpkins in Uganda, a hitherto none-investigated pathosystem

Masika¹,

Kisekka²,

Alicai³

et al. 2017

Afr. J. Agric. Res.

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Common impromptu observations between 2010 and 2012 of apparent virus-like disease symptoms in watermelons and pumpkins in Uganda prompted this study. However, there was no recorded evidence of virus infection in these crops anywhere in Uganda or eastern Africa as a region. Thus, 374 and 522 watermelon and pumpkin plants, respectively, growing in 13 fields were surveyed to record virus-like disease symptoms in Uganda's four districts of Mbale and Kamuli (eastern region), Mpigi and Masaka (central region) during August to November 2013, and January to March 2014. Leaf samples were also collected and tested for four viruses known to commonly infect watermelons and pumpkins worldwide. Symptom severity was assessed using a scale of 0 to 5, while virus incidence was determined by serological methods. The four viruses tested were Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV), Watermelon mosaic virus (WMV), Zucchini yellow mosaic virus (ZYMV) and Cucurbit aphid borne-yellows virus (CABYV). In both crops, there was a higher incidence of virus-like diseases in central than in eastern region (P = 0.000). All the four viruses were detected w ith CMV as the most common, followed by WMV, ZYMV, and CABYV. Differences in virus incidences between the districts were not always significant. Single CMV, dual CMV+WMV and triple CMV+WMV+ZYMV were the most common single, and multiple infections in both crops. Watermelons contained more single virus infections than mixed infections (P < 0.001), but this difference was not significant in pumpkins (P = 0.468). In all, single virus infections were significantly higher in watermelons than pumpkins (P < 0.001). This is the first study to report incidence of viruses and virus-like diseases in watermelons and pumpkins in Uganda , and in eastern Africa as a region. The importance of these results with respect to crop production and next steps in virus disease management are discussed.

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Section: Several Viruses and Virus Diseases Infecting Cucur-bitaceousmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Incidence of viruses and virus-like diseases of watermelons and pumpkins in Uganda, a hitherto none-investigated pathosystem

Masika¹,

Kisekka²,

Alicai³

et al. 2017

Afr. J. Agric. Res.

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“…belongs to the family, Convolvulacea and is the third most important root crop after potato and cassava (Clark et al, 2012). Its energy-rich storage roots are consumed as a carbohydrate source and its leaves are used as vegetables (Antial et al, 2006).…”

Section: Sweet Potato (Ipomoea Batatasmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Over 20 different viruses belonging to at least nine families infect sweet potato worldwide (Clark et al, 2012;Valverde et al, 2007). Several of these viruses occur in East Africa, including SPFMV, (genus Potyvirus), Sweet potato mild mottle virus (SPMMV, genus Ipomovirus).…”

Section: Sweet Potato (Ipomoea Batatasmentioning

confidence: 99%

Occurrence and genetic variability of partial coat protein gene of Sweet potato leaf curl virus (SPLCV) in Kenya

Maina¹,

Miano²,

Mbogo³

et al. 2017

Afr. J. Biotechnol.

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A survey was conducted to determine the occurrence of sweet potato leaf curl virus (SPLCV) infecting sweet potato in Kenya. Vine cuttings of sweet potato were collected in 2011 from fields in Central, Western and Coastal regions of the country. The cuttings were grown in an insect-proof screen-house and scion grafted to Ipomoea setosa indicator plants. DNA was extracted from leaf samples of graftinoculated I. serosa and tested for the presence of SPLCV by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using degenerate and specific primers. The virus was detected in all the regions with incidence rates of 33, 17.0 and 2.6% from Western, Coastal and Central regions, respectively using specific primers. Coat protein gene AV1 from isolates collected from each region was sequenced and their comparison revealed >88.4% nucleotide identity. Phylogenetic grouping using nucleotide and amino acid sequences showed that four Kenyan isolates (Coast3, Central13, Coast15 and Western14) clustered together, while the other remaining five grouped a long with isolates from different parts of the world. The results reveal that Kenyan SPLCV isolates have a clear diversity and are also closely related with other isolates from different parts of the world. The wide distribution of the virus within the country means that urgent measures are needed to clean the farmers planting material to reduce possible losses incurred due to the presence of the virus.

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“…Two major phylogenetic groups of SPCSV were named SPCSV EA and SPCSV WA , with EA standing for 'East African' and WA for 'West African'. However, SPCSV EA now contains sequences from South America and East Asia, and SPCSV WA includes sequences from South and North Africa, South and North America, Europe and East Asia [6,26,30]. SPFMV includes 'East African' phylogenetic group SPFMV EA , but this now contains sequences from South Africa, Oceania, Southeast Asia and South America [9,17,27].…”

Section: How Widespread Is the Problem?mentioning

confidence: 99%

A proposal to rationalize within-species plant virus nomenclature: benefits and implications of inaction

Jones

Kehoe

2016

Arch Virol

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Current approaches used to name within-species, plant virus phylogenetic groups are often misleading and illogical. They involve names based on biological properties, sequence differences and geographical, country or placeassociation designations, or any combination of these. This type of nomenclature is becoming increasingly unsustainable as numbers of sequences of the same virus from new host species and different parts of the world increase. Moreover, this increase is accelerating as world trade and agriculture expand, and climate change progresses. Serious consequences for virus research and disease management might arise from incorrect assumptions made when current within-species phylogenetic group names incorrectly identify properties of group members. This could result in development of molecular tools that incorrectly target dangerous virus strains, potentially leading to unjustified impediments to international trade or failure to prevent such strains being introduced to countries, regions or continents formerly free of them. Dangerous strains might be missed or misdiagnosed by diagnostic laboratories and monitoring programs, and new cultivars with incorrect strain-specific resistances released. Incorrect deductions are possible during phylogenetic analysis of plant virus sequences and errors from strain misidentification during molecular and biological virus research activities. A nomenclature system for within-species plant virus phylogenetic group names is needed which avoids such problems. We suggest replacing all other naming approaches with Latinized numerals, restricting biologically based names only to biological strains and removing geographically based names altogether. Our recommendations have implications for biosecurity authorities, diagnostic laboratories, diseasemanagement programs, plant breeders and researchers.

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Sweetpotato Viruses: 15 Years of Progress on Understanding and Managing Complex Diseases

Cited by 205 publications

References 134 publications

Incidence of viruses and virus-like diseases of watermelons and pumpkins in Uganda, a hitherto none-investigated pathosystem

Incidence of viruses and virus-like diseases of watermelons and pumpkins in Uganda, a hitherto none-investigated pathosystem

Occurrence and genetic variability of partial coat protein gene of Sweet potato leaf curl virus (SPLCV) in Kenya

A proposal to rationalize within-species plant virus nomenclature: benefits and implications of inaction

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