Sustainable approach for lycopene extraction from tomato processing by-product using hydrophobic eutectic solvents

Abstract

Lycopene, a non-polar antioxidant compound with important effects on human health and wide commercial applications, was extracted from tomato processing wastes using innovative hydrophobic eutectic mixtures (HEMs) replacing traditional organic solvents. HEMs were prepared using DL-menthol as hydrogen-bond acceptor (HBA) and lactic acid as hydrogen-bond donor (HBD), and the ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) was optimized using a Box-Behnken design to evaluate extraction conditions: extraction temperature (°C), molar ratio of eutectic mixture (moles HBA: mol HBD), solvent to sample ratio (volume to mass, mL/g), and extraction time (min), with lycopene extraction yield (lg/g d.w.) as the response variable. Optimization of parameters was performed using response surface methodology, and the optimized extraction conditions were determined to be 70 °C, 8:1 mol HBA/mol HBD, 120 mL/g solvent: sample, and 10 min. The experimental optimal yield was 1446.6 lg/g, in agreement with the predicted optimal yield, indicating the validity of the model. This new technique for lycopene extraction, using a HEM as extraction solvent in replacement of hazardous organic solvents, and tomato pomace as source material, represents a viable and more sustainable approach for obtaining a high value-added bioactive compound, and can contribute towards the development of greener extraction processes.

Optimization of Extraction of Bioactive Compounds from Baphicacanthus cusia Leaves by Hydrophobic Deep Eutectic Solvents

“…The results showed that L-Men-Lac was suitable for the extraction of tryptanthrin, indigo and indirubin from BCL. According to reports in the literature [ 33 , 42 , 43 ], the ultrasound-assisted extraction method based on DES can also be used to extract representative phytochemical constituents from Ginkgo biloba leaves, including flavonoid glycosides, terpenoids and flavonoids, phytocannabinoids from the Cannabis sativa plant and lycopene from the by-product of tomato processing. Combined with experimental results and literature, L-Men-Lac was used for subsequent experiments.…”

Anti-Parasitic Activity of Cherry Tomato Peel Powders

“…Naviglio et al [ 21 , 22 ] developed an innovative low-cost high-pressure water extraction process for the trans -lycopene isomer from industrial tomato byproducts with 98% ( w / w ) purity and up to 14% ( w / w ) recovery. Silva et al [ 23 ] used an innovative hydrophobic eutectic solvent to extract lycopene from tomato processing byproducts, suggesting that the method can also contribute to the development of greener extraction processes that can replace the use of organic solvents. Horuz et al [ 24 ] used an electrospinning method to encapsulate carotenoids extracted from tomato peel into zein nanofibers, resulting in their improved storage and thermal stability and in an 11-fold increase in antioxidant activity.…”

Valorization of Tomato Waste as a Source of Carotenoids

“…The interest of Silva et al toward the development of more and more ecofriendly methodologies led the research group to evaluate the effectiveness of deep eutectic solvents (DESs) in the ultrasound-assisted extraction of lycopene [ 63 ]. DESs represent a new generation of solvents that are emerging as the green solvents of the 21st century, mostly based on low-transition-temperature mixtures of cheap and easily available components.…”