Sustainability of the Lake Superior Fish Community: Interactions in a Food Web Context

Kitchell, James F.; Cox, Sean P.; Harvey, Chris J.; Johnson, Timothy B.; Mason, Doran M.; Schoen, Kurt K.; Aydin, Kerim; Bronte, Charles R.; Ebener, Mark P.; Hansen, Michael J.; Hoff, Michael H.; Schram, Steve; Schreiner, Donald R.; Walters, Carl J.

doi:10.1007/s100210000048

Cited by 113 publications

(70 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…There is an increasing trend towards modelling fisheries in an ecosystem context in both marine (Hall and Mainprize 2004) and freshwater systems (Kitchell et al 2000;Lammens et al 2002). In both systems, studies on the impact of bottom-up processes through the food web on fisheries have been stimulated by effective management leading to reoligotrophication of systems that had become eutrophied.…”

Section: Modelling Fisheries In An Ecosystem Contextmentioning

confidence: 99%

Challenges and opportunities for integrating lake ecosystem modelling approaches

et al. 2010

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A large number and wide variety of lake ecosystem models have been developed and published during the past four decades. We identify two challenges for making further progress in this field. One such challenge is to avoid developing more models largely following the concept of others ('reinventing the wheel'). The other challenge is to avoid focusing on only one type of model, while ignoring new and diverse approaches that have become available ('having tunnel vision'). In this paper, we aim at improving the awareness of existing models and knowledge of concurrent approaches in lake ecosystem modelling, without covering all possible model tools and avenues. First, we present a broad variety of modelling approaches. To illustrate these approaches, we give brief descriptions of rather arbitrarily selected sets of specific models. We deal with static models (steady state and regression models), complex dynamic models (CAEDYM, CE-QUAL-W2, Delft 3D-ECO, LakeMab, LakeWeb, MyLake, PCLake, PROTECH, SALMO), structurally dynamic models and minimal dynamic models. We also discuss a group of approaches that could all be classified as individual based: superindividual models (Piscator, Charisma), physiologically structured models, stage-structured models and traitbased models. We briefly mention genetic algorithms, neural networks, Kalman filters and fuzzy logic. Thereafter, we zoom in, as an in-depth example, on the multi-decadal development and application of the lake ecosystem model PCLake and related models (PCLake Metamodel, Lake Shira Model, IPH-TRIM3D-PCLake). In the discussion, we argue that while the historical development of each approach and model is understandable given its 'leading principle', there are many opportunities for combining approaches. We take the point of view that a single 'right' approach does not exist and should not be strived for. Instead, multiple modelling approaches, applied concurrently to a given problem, can help develop an integrative view on the functioning of lake ecosystems. We end with a set of specific recommendations that may be of help in the further development of lake ecosystem models.

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Section: Modelling Fisheries In An Ecosystem Contextmentioning

confidence: 99%

Challenges and opportunities for integrating lake ecosystem modelling approaches

et al. 2010

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“…The consequent decline in host size creates more vulnerability to direct mortality effects of larger sea lampreys. As larger sea lampreys exert more pressure on host species such as lake trout and salmon, we should expect growing evidence for effects expressed as a trophic cascade that passes down through the Lake Superior food web (Kitchell et al 2000).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Climate impacts on landlocked sea lamprey: Implications for host‐parasite interactions and invasive species management

et al. 2014

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Abstract. Altered thermal regimes under climate change may influence host-parasite interactions and invasive species, both potentially impacting valuable ecosystem services. There is considerable interest in how parasite life cycle rates, growth, and impacts on hosts will change under altered environmental temperatures. Likewise, transformed thermal regimes may reduce natural resistance and barriers preventing establishment of invasive species or alter the range and impacts of established exotic species. The Laurentian Great Lakes are some of the most invaded ecosystems and have been profoundly shaped by exotic species. Invasion by the parasitic sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus) contributed to major declines in many Great Lakes fish populations. In Lake Superior, substantial progress has been made towards controlling invasive sea lamprey and rehabilitating native fish populations. Surface water temperatures in Lake Superior have been increasing rapidly since 1980 presenting a new challenge for management. Here we test how thermal changes in Lake Superior have impacted the feeding and growth of the parasitic sea lamprey. Sea lamprey have increased in size corresponding with longer durations of thermal habitat (i.e., longer growing seasons) for their preferred hosts. To compare regional differences in sea lamprey feeding and growth rates, we used a bioenergetics model with temperature estimates from a lake-wide hydrodynamic model hindcast from 1979-2006. Spatial differences in patterns of warming across the lake result in regionally different predictions for increases in sea lamprey feeding rates and size. These predictions were matched by data from adult sea lamprey spawning in streams draining into these different thermal regions. Larger sea lampreys will be more fecund and have increased feeding rates, thus increasing mortality among host fishes. Resource management should consider these climate driven regional impacts when allocating resources to sea lamprey control efforts. Under new and evolving thermal regimes, successful management systems may need to be restructured for changing phenology, growth, and shifts in host-parasite systems towards greater impacts on host populations.

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“…Kitchell et al applied EwE to Lake Superior in Canada. They simulatied and analyzed the response of the ecological system to management policy under recreational fishery and alien species invasion conditions and recovery strategy for local trout populations [9].…”

Section: The Major Applications Of Ewe In Marine Ecosystemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Principles of Ecopath with Ecosim and its Application in Marine Ecosystem

Bai¹,

Rong-shuo²

2015

Proceedings of the International Conference on Advances in Energy, Environment and Chemical Engineering

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Abstract. Ecopath with Ecosim(EwE)is the core tool of simulating aquatic ecosystem and originated from Ecopath model. The paper reviewed the principle of EwE and its application in the structure and trophodynamics characters of marine ecosystem, fishery management, marine pollution and set of marine protected areas as well as the progress and perspectives in China. The Ewe has powerful simulation and analysis function and the data for EwE modelling are relatively simple; therefore, it has large potentials for application and development in China. IntroductionEcopath with Ecosim (EwE) is derived from the Ecopath model by continuous development and improvement of ICLARM and UBC. It has become a powerful simulation tool for aquatic ecosystems, and has been applied widely to and validated all over the world in ecosystem studies in different latitudes and of different types [1]. Due to the influence of rapid development of coastal economics and climate change, the health of China's coastal marine ecosystems and sustainable development of biological resources are under threat with ecosystem structure continuously being destroyed. It is an urgent issue to analyze in-depth the food web structure and energy flow characteristics in China's coastal marine ecosystem for establishing a scientific and rational management system. In this article, we review and discuss the functions and use of the tools in the EwE models in hoping that the ecological system analysis tool can be further utilized and applied to the studies and management of marine ecosystems in China.

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Sustainability of the Lake Superior Fish Community: Interactions in a Food Web Context

Cited by 113 publications

References 25 publications

Challenges and opportunities for integrating lake ecosystem modelling approaches

Challenges and opportunities for integrating lake ecosystem modelling approaches

Climate impacts on landlocked sea lamprey: Implications for host‐parasite interactions and invasive species management

The Principles of Ecopath with Ecosim and its Application in Marine Ecosystem

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