Sustainability of algal biofuel production using integrated renewable energy park (IREP) and algal biorefinery approach

The Challenge of Bioenergies: An Overview

“…It was proposed that 3.1-21.3 Mha of land should be converted to biomass production (Schmer et al, 2008). Algal biodiesel is also being included in an integrated renewable-energy park (Singh & Gu, 2010;Subhadra, 2010). Bioethanol from Brazil results in over 90% GHG savings (Hill et al, 2006).…”

A critical review of biochemical conversion, sustainability and life cycle assessment of algal biofuels

“…The whole algal biomass or algal oil extracts can be converted into different fuel forms, such as biogas, liquid and gaseous transportation fuel, kerosene, ethanol, aviation fuel, and biohydrogen through the implementation of processing technologies such as anaerobic digestion, pyrolysis, gasification, catalytic cracking, and enzymatic or chemical transesterification [85]. Algae can utilize nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorous from a variety of waste water sources (e.g.…”

Biorefinery Concept: An Overview of Producing Energy, Fuels and Materials from Biomass Feedstocks

“…In recent times microalgae have emerged as a potential energy crop for liquid biofuel production due to their high annual biomass productivity (175tons/ha/year) and ability to grow in poor quality waters and wastewaters (Jena, Vaidyanathan, Chinnasamy, & Das, 2011). One unique aspect of algae feedstocks include the availability of multiple species and the spectrum of different products such as recombinant proteins and omega-3 fatty acids that can be synthesized from algal biomass, making algae a perfect choice for biorefinery processing in future (Subhadra, 2010). Microalga Nannochloropsis sp.…”