Survival Study over 5 Years of Digestive Cancers in Tlemcen Province during 2011-2017

Abstract

In the world, digestive cancers represent a major public health problem by their frequency and severity. Digestive tract cancers are very common malignant tumors worldwide and are an important cause of cancer-related death. The objective of our study was to determinate the survival of digestive cancers in the province of Tlemcen over a period of 5 years. This is a prognostic historical-prospective study with an exhaustive collection data, which consists of studying the 5-year survival of digestive cancers in the province of Tlemcen, of all patients with digestive cancers whatever the stage, diagnosed between 2011 and 2012 and histologically confirmed in subjects residing in the province of Tlemcen at the moment of diagnosis. The subjects of our study were identified from the cancer registry of Tlemcen. In total, 408 cases of digestive cancers were diagnosed over 2 years in Tlemcen province. Most digestive cancers were characterized by a predominance of men except for cancer of the liver, gallbladder and bile ducts but whatever the sex, these cancers occur mainly in subjects whose age is greater than or equal to 45 years. Topographically, for both sexes combined, the colorectum followed by the stomach were the organs most affected by digestive cancers. Histopathologically, a predominance of adenocarcinoma has been noted. The 5-year global survival rate of all digestive cancers was 55.4%, depending on the localization; colorectal cancer, small bowel cancer, gallbladder and bile ducts cancer, stomach and esophagus cancers are cancers of intermediate prognosis whose survival in 5 years is between 40% and 80%. Liver cancer and pancreatic cancer remain poor prognosis cancers with 5-year survival rates of 23.08% and 33.3% respectively. The survival of digestive cancers must be improved by adequate care and surveillance of patients. The prevention of colorectal cancers which occupy the first place among the digestive cancers is based essentially on the knowledge of the risk factors and the screening allowing the improvement of the survival rate. The registry of cancer remains a fundamental tool of any cancer control program; it constitutes a starting source for the analysis of survival.