Abstract. Women with the inherited bleeding disorder von Willebrand's disease (VWD) face gender-specific hemostatic challenges during menstruation. Heavy menstrual bleeding (HMB) can negatively affect their overall life activities and the health-associated quality of life. The purpose of the present study was to investigate whether women with VWD experienced HMB and an impaired health-associated quality of life. The study subjects were recruited from the Coagulation Unit of Karolinska University Hospital. Information was retrieved from various self-administered forms and medical records. Of the 30 women (18-52 years) that were included in the present study, 50% suffered from HMB, although the majority received treatment for HMB. In addition, almost all the included women perceived limitations in the overall life activities due to menstruation. The health-associated quality of life for women with HMB was significantly lower (P<0.10) with regards to 'bodily pain' compared with Swedish women of the general population. In conclusion, women with VWD experienced reduced health-associated quality of life as a result of HMB. Therefore, preventing limitations in overall life activities and improving their health-associated quality of life thorough counseling on menstrual bleeding is important for women with VWD.
IntroductionVon Willebrand's disease (VWD) is the most common inherited bleeding disorder worldwide, with a prevalence varying within 0.1-1% of the general population depending on the method of diagnosis (1-4). The disorder is caused by a quantitative or qualitative deficiency in the von Willebrand factor (VWF). Since VWD is an autosomal inherited disorder, men and women are equally affected. However, more women experience hemostatic challenges through menstrual bleeding and childbirth (5).Heavy menstrual bleeding (HMB), which is defined as >80 ml per menstruation (6), is common in women with VWD. Previous studies have shown that 78-92% of women with VWD suffer from HMB, compared with a 10% prevalence of HMB in all Swedish women of reproductive age (7-9).HMB can be managed through a range of pharmacological treatments, such as contraceptive pills, levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine systems (LNG-IUS), and tranexamic acid (TA) (10). For women with VWD, treatment with D-arginine vasopressin and VWF/factor VIII concentrates is also an option (11). Despite the availability of extensive pharmacological options, surgical treatment may be necessary (10). Kirtava et al (12) demonstrated that a higher proportion of women with VWD undergo hysterectomy and at a younger age compared with women in the general population.HMB affects numerous aspects of health-associated quality of life, both physical and mental. It can cause iron-deficiency anemia in severe cases, and there are psychological, social and employment consequences associated with HMB (13). Barr et al (14) demonstrated that women with VWD participate less in post-secondary education than the general population, and suggested that this may be due to iron defici...