Surgical model of osteoarthritis secondary to medial patellar luxation in dogs

Abstract

ABSTRACT:This study was performed to make a surgical model of osteoarthritis (OA) in the dog. Experimental medial patellar luxation (MPL) was surgically produced in the left stifle (index) of 24 skeletally mature mixed small breed dogs (age two to six years and weight 2.8 to 9 kg). The animals were randomly allocated in 2 groups; sham group (n = 12), where the right stifle was sham operated and control group (n = 12) with intact right stifle. Physical and radiographic examinations of both stifles were performed at 1.5 months intervals over a one-year experimental period. One dog was euthanatized every three months, and both stifles were explored, gross examination was performed and tissue samples from the articular cartilage, cranial cruciate ligament (CCL) and synovium were collected for histomorphology. The clinical signs of OA were obvious in the experimental dogs by 12 weeks of surgical induction of MPL, which was also evidenced in the histopathology of the joint tissues and electron microscopy of the articular cartilage. The radiographic changes of OA were not obvious until remarkable degenerative changes became abvious six months postoperatively. Surgically induced MPL can be a successful tool for experimental induction of OA in dogs.

Extended proximal trochleoplasty for the correction of bidirectional patellar luxation in seven Pomeranian dogs

“…PL grade 2 recurred in one dog; however, the low number of cases in this study makes comparisons difficult. Osteophyte formation was seen in all dogs, as has been reported previously in dogs undergoing surgery for PL (Roy et al 1992, Alam et al 2011 because of damage to the joint cartilage (Frost-Christensen et al 2008). The increase in osteophyte formation was radiologically significant but clinically insignificant in the dogs in this study.…”

Köpeklerde Patellar Luksasyonda Kıkırdak Erozyonunun Prevalansı ve Etkilenmiş Eklemlerdeki Gen Ekspresyonu

“…The relationship between cartilage erosion and PL in humans has been widely reported [19,20,32] , and a few studies have been performed in dogs [21,23] . In the reports on humans, a high prevalence of cartilage lesions, of 40-97%, has been reported [19,20,32] , while in dogs, prevalence reported has been 39.5% [21] ; in addition, our study reports the percentage of prevalence in dogs to be 39%.…”

“…Patellar luxation causes joint instability from the lateral or medial movement of the patella on the femoral groove. The movement of the patella in and out of the femoral groove in PL can cause cartilage erosion [19][20][21] , which may then develop into OA [18,22,23] .…”

Kite Shield‐Shaped Wedge Recession for Treatment of Medial Patellar Luxation in Seven Small‐Breed Dogs

“…Postoperative assessment showed osteophytes present at the femoral trochlear ridges but not in the trochlea. Postoperative damage to the articular cartilage induces varying degrees of osteophyte formation in dogs undergoing surgery for MPL . Appropriate contact of the patella with the proximal trochlea when the stifle is extended may reduce the progression of degenerative joint disease.…”