Surgical hand scrubs in relation to microbial counts: systematic literature review

Hsieh, Hsiu-Fang; Chiu, Hua-Hsien; Lee, Feng-Ping

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2648.2006.03876.x

Cited by 34 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…The average duration of surgeries for doctors using the dry-fast scrubbing solution was 2.5 h, whereas the average duration of surgeries for doctors using the traditional povidone-iodine scrubbing solution was 1.9 h. Regarding their sustained antimicrobial effects, the dryfast scrubbing was more effective compared to the traditional water-based scrubbing. This finding was similar to that reported by Hsieh et al (2006), Lai et al (2012) and Tanner et al (2008). Therefore, the effectiveness of intervention with dry-fast scrubbing is supported with evidence.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…A systematic literature review reported that among dryfast antimicrobial agents, the effects of alcohol scrubbing solutions were superior to chlorhexidine solutions (Hsieh et al, 2006). However, the three studies reviewed in the comparison had different scrubbing duration length and did not uniformly use brushes.…”

Section: Antibacterial Scrubbing Solutions and Antibacterial Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Antibacterial effects on dry‐fast and traditional water‐based surgical scrubbing methods: A two‐time points experimental study

Chen

Chou

Huang

et al. 2013

Nursing & Health Sciences

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This study determined the in-use effects of dry-fast and traditional hand-washing surgical scrubs among operating room staff members. This is a static group comparison study with purposive sampling. A total of 156 staff members were recruited in an operating room in a medical center located in southern Taiwan. The participants were divided into traditional and dry-fast hand-washing groups. Microbial counts were measured right after the two groups finished surgical scrubbing and at the completion of surgery. The results showed that the use of dry-fast antisepsis has a better persistent effect (P = 0.001), more nurses chose dry-fast antisepsis than surgeons (P = 0.012), and the post-operation number of colonies for nurses was significantly higher than that for surgeons (P = 0.003). Operating room nurses are long-term and frequent users of antibacterial agents, and their requirement of skin protection is higher. The dry-fast technique has the advantage of being less irritating to the skin and less time consuming; therefore, brush-free and dry-fast antisepsis is recommended.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Antibacterial Scrubbing Solutions and Antibacterial Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antibacterial effects on dry‐fast and traditional water‐based surgical scrubbing methods: A two‐time points experimental study

Chen

Chou

Huang

et al. 2013

Nursing & Health Sciences

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“…Despite innumerous internati onal studies (3,(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14) contraindicati ng the use of arti facts for performing hand anti sepsis, the studies found evaluated the effi ciency of mechanical and chemical methods to perform hand antisepsis with the soluti on of chlorhexidine gluconate at 4% instead of 2% (4,9,(15)(16)(17) .…”

Section: Descriptoresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Eficácia de três métodos de degermação das mãos utilizando gluconato de clorexidina degermante (GCH 2%)

Cunha

Matos

Silva

et al. 2011

Rev. esc. enferm. USP

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The scrubbing of hands and forearms using antiseptic agents has been the standard pre-operative procedure to prevent surgical site infection. With the introduction of antiseptic agents, the need to use brushes for pre-operative disinfection has been questioned and it has been recommended that the procedure be abandoned due to the injuries it may cause to the skin. With the purpose to provide the foundations for the efficacy of pre-operative asepsis without using brushes or sponges, the objective of this study was to evaluate three methods of pre-operative asepsis using an antimicrobial agent containing chlorhexidine gluconate - CHG 2%; hand-scrubbing with brush (HSB), hand-scrubbing with sponge (HSS), and hand-rubbing with the antiseptic agent (HRA) only. A comparative crossover study was carried with 29 healthcare providers. Antimicrobial efficacy was measured using the glove-juice method before and after each tested method. Statistical analyses showed there were no significant differences regarding the number of colony-forming units when comparing HRA, HSB, and HSS techniques (p=0.148), which theoretically disregards the need to continue using brushes or sponges for hand asepsis.

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“…It is has been accepted for decades that everyone involved in direct contact with the surgical field or sterile items should perform a surgical scrub and don sterile gloves. Surgical scrub techniques have been evaluated extensively elsewhere (38,39). Recently, application of alcohol-chlorhexidine combinations have been evaluated as a replacement for surgical scrubbing and have been shown to be more effective than standard surgical scrub methods (40,41).…”

Section: Infection Prevention and Controlmentioning

confidence: 99%

A review of post-operative infections in veterinary orthopaedic surgery

Weese¹

2008

Vet Comp Orthop Traumatol

101

144

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SummarySurgical site infections are an inherent risk in orthopaedic surgery and many of the infections that develop are likely to be non-preventable. However, a variety of measures can be undertaken to reduce the risk and impact of surgical site infections. The development and implementation of an infection control program, including surgical site infection surveillance, can be an important tool for patient management. All veterinary practices should have some form of infection control program in order to address surgical site infections, among other issues, and to provide the optimal and expected level of care.

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Surgical hand scrubs in relation to microbial counts: systematic literature review

Abstract: Surgical hand scrubs using an alcohol-based product were more effective than a 6-minute scrub using 4% chlorhexidine gluconate. There is no evidence to support a 2-minute surgical hand scrub as being more effective than a 3-minute one using 4% chlorhexidine gluconate.

Cited by 34 publications

References 47 publications

Antibacterial effects on dry‐fast and traditional water‐based surgical scrubbing methods: A two‐time points experimental study

Antibacterial effects on dry‐fast and traditional water‐based surgical scrubbing methods: A two‐time points experimental study

Eficácia de três métodos de degermação das mãos utilizando gluconato de clorexidina degermante (GCH 2%)

A review of post-operative infections in veterinary orthopaedic surgery

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