Surface Soil and Subsoil Acidity in Natural and Managed Land-Use Systems in the Humid Tropics of Peninsular India

Nair, K. M.; Kumar, K. S. Anil; Lalitha, M.; Shivanand,; Kumar, Sushil; Srinivas, S.; Koyal, Arti; Parvathy, S.; Sujatha, K.; Thamban, C.; Mathew, Jeena; Chandran, K.; Haris, Abdul; Krishnakumar, V.; Srinivasan, V.; Jessy,; Jacob, James; Nagaraj, J. S.; D'Souza, M. V.; Raghuramulu, Y.; Hegde, Rajendra; Singh, Sanjay

doi:10.18520/cs/v116/i7/1201-1211

Cited by 18 publications

(14 citation statements)

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“…Depleted d 13 C values in S. kunthianus during the last 60 years also correlate with the increasing mean annual precipitation (MAP) which has been studied earlier (Kohn 2010). Beside this, a large scale soil amendment by 'agricultural liming' for better yield (Nair et al 2019) coupled with anomalous rainfall pattern is perhaps a boon for S. kunthianus to sustain biomass production through 'Alarm Photosynthesis'.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…Soil moisture facilitates the uptake of soluble calcium carbonates/bicarbonate along with nitrates and other minerals through root system in plants (Heaney et al 1993). Intense plantation of tea, rubber, coffee and spices facilitated by 'agricultural liming' for neutralizing acidic soils is rapidly encroaching the habitat of S. kunthianus (Oates 2008;Nair et al 2019). Accumulation of calcium oxalate and calcium carbonate minerals as cystoliths in plants are biogenically mineralized intracellular inclusions (Okazaki et al 1986;Bauer et al 2011;He et al 2014;Giannopoulos et al 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Temporal variability in carbon and nitrogen stable isotopes of Strobilanthes kunthianus leaf: Its photosynthetic efficacy and water-use efficiency in a warming climate

Farooqui¹,

Agnihotri²,

Khan³

et al. 2021

J Earth Syst Sci

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Carbon assimilation in plants depends on both atmospheric CO 2 uptake and internal (non-atmospheric) CO 2 . To understand this mechanism in Strobilanthes kunthianus (an endemic pleitesial plant), we studied the leaf epidermal morphology, stomatal index (SI), cystoliths, carbon and nitrogen isotopes (d 13 C leaf , d 15 N leaf ) in herbarium samples collected during the bloom in 1958, 1970 and 2018 from Munnar region, India. The leaf epidermal morphology is xerophytic characterized by long, twisted and branched trichomes obscuring stomata to restrict evapotranspiration and thereby gaseous exchange. Our study shows that the values of d 13 C leaf decreased by 4% (À26.0 to À30.0%) accompanied by a decline in d 15 N leaf (+1.6 to À0.35%) from 1958 to 2018, respectively. The depleting trend in d 13 C leaf values indicates increasing photosynthetic eDcacy along with uptake of anthropogenically Bxed nitrogen (d 15 N % 0.0%). Albeit, we did not observe any alteration in SI (in response to present day increased atmospheric CO 2 ). Estimated intrinsic water use eDciency shows a reduction from 61 to 45 lmolÁmol À1 from 1958 to 2018, respectively. Leaf epidermal morphology remained static, low d 13 C leaf suggests increased photosynthesis with the use of non-atmospheric CO 2 stored in enhanced number of cystoliths during 2018 channelized via 'Alarm Photosynthesis'. Prolonged post-monsoon rainfall and soil amendment facilitated the mineral accumulation in S. kunthianus.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Temporal variability in carbon and nitrogen stable isotopes of Strobilanthes kunthianus leaf: Its photosynthetic efficacy and water-use efficiency in a warming climate

Farooqui¹,

Agnihotri²,

Khan³

et al. 2021

J Earth Syst Sci

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“…Effects of the conversion of forests to coffee on (a) soil organic carbon (SOC) content in surface soil and subsoils, (b) SOC density in different soil depths, and (c) available phosphorus (P) in southern India (Nair et al, 2016). (This is an Institute (NBSS&LUP) publication and the permission to use this has been obtained from the Head of the Institution.…”

Section: Impacts Of Planetary Boundaries On Soil Degradation In the I...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…By contrast, the conversion of forest to coffee plantation caused a considerable accumulation of available P in the lateritic surface soils of the Western Ghats region (Figure 2c). The practice to apply high rates of P fertilizers was based on the understanding that low activity clay soils rich in oxides of Fe and aluminium (Al) irreversibly fix large quantities of the element (Nair et al, 2016). Thus, the heavy input of phosphatic fertilizers increased the phosphorus content in surface soils of coffee-growing areas to 37 kg ha À1 from 6 kg ha À1 in forests (Figure 2c).…”

Section: Biogeochemical Flows: Altered Phosphorus and Nitrogen Biogeo...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Soil degradation and mitigation in agricultural lands in the Indian Anthropocene

Bhattacharyya

Bhatia

Ghosh

et al. 2023

European J Soil Science

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Current widespread and intensive soil degradation in India has been driven by unprecedented levels of population growth, large‐scale industrialization, high‐yield agriculture, urban sprawl and the spread of human infrastructure. The damage caused to managed and natural systems by soil degradation threatens livelihoods and local services and leads to national socio‐economic disruption. Human‐induced soil degradation results from land clearing and deforestation, inappropriate agricultural practices, improper management of industrial effluents and wastes, careless management of forests, surface mining, urban sprawl, and ill‐planned commercial and industrial development. Of these, inappropriate agricultural practices, including excessive tillage and use of heavy machinery, over‐grazing, excessive and unbalanced use of inorganic fertilizers, poor irrigation and water management techniques, pesticide overuse, inadequate crop residue and/or organic carbon inputs, and poor crop cycle planning, account for nearly 40% (121 Mha) of land degradation across India. Globally, human activities related to agriculture contribute to the transgression of four of the nine Planetary Boundaries proposed by Rockström et al. (2009): Climate Change, Biodiversity Integrity, Land‐system Change, and altered Phosphorus and Nitrogen Biogeochemical Flows. This review focuses on how knowledge of soil processes in agriculture has developed in India over the past 10 years, and the potential of soil science to meet the objectives of the United Nations' Sustainable Development Goal 2: Zero Hunger (End hunger, achieve food security, improved nutrition and promote sustainable agriculture), using the context of the four most relevant Planetary Boundaries as a framework. Solutions to mitigate soil degradation and improve soil health in different regions using conservation agricultural approaches have been proposed. Thus, in this review we (1) summarize the outputs of recent innovative research in India that has explored the impacts of soil degradation on four Planetary Boundaries (Climate Change, Biodiversity Loss, Land‐system Change, and altered Biogeochemical Flows of Phosphorus and Nitrogen) and vice‐versa; and (2) identify the knowledge gaps that require urgent attention to inform developing soil science research agendas in India, to advise policy makers, and to support those whose livelihoods rely on the land.

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“…the soils from Kerala are acidic in reaction (Maji et al, 2012). High rainfall, leaching of bases, mineralization of organic matter, external inputs of acid-forming chemical fertilizers and inappropriate agriculture practices are the major reasons for soil acidification and its intensification (Nair et al, 2019).…”

Section: Soil Phmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Soil Fertility Status of Agro Ecological Zones of Kerala using Nutrient Index Approach

Bastin

Beena

Rajimol

et al. 2022

ASD

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Background: Soil fertility evaluation is much imperative in order to sustain soil fertility and also food grain production in long run. A study was undertaken across five agro ecological zones of Kerala comprising nine districts viz., Thiruvananthapuram, Alappuzha, Ernakulam, Thrissur, Palakkad, Malappuram, Kozhikode, Wayanad and Kannur with the aim of evaluating the soil fertility status using nutrient index approach. Methods: Soil sampling was carried out using GPS representing all the five agro ecological zones of Kerala. Field study was also undertaken in order to collect the basic data. Based on the nutrient index calculation, soil samples were categorized in to low, medium and high classes. Result: The analytical results revealed that the nutrient index class for soil organic carbon fall under medium class for the major share of samples analysed. Available N was in the medium class for all the districts, except Kozhikode where it was in the low category. However, the available P content falls under the high class for most of the soil samples. Available K was in the medium category of soil fertility for the majority of the samples analysed.

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Surface Soil and Subsoil Acidity in Natural and Managed Land-Use Systems in the Humid Tropics of Peninsular India

Cited by 18 publications

References 0 publications

Temporal variability in carbon and nitrogen stable isotopes of Strobilanthes kunthianus leaf: Its photosynthetic efficacy and water-use efficiency in a warming climate

Temporal variability in carbon and nitrogen stable isotopes of Strobilanthes kunthianus leaf: Its photosynthetic efficacy and water-use efficiency in a warming climate

Soil degradation and mitigation in agricultural lands in the Indian Anthropocene

Evaluation of Soil Fertility Status of Agro Ecological Zones of Kerala using Nutrient Index Approach

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