Mixed convection heat transfer in a vertical tube with opposing
flow (downflow heating) was
studied experimentally for Reynolds numbers ranging from about 1000 to
30 000 at constant
Grashof numbers ranging about 1 1/2 orders of
magnitude under constant wall temperature (CWT)
conditions. Three correlations developed for opposing mixed
convection flows in vertical conduits
predicted the data reasonably well, except near and into the asymptote
region for which these
equations were not designed. A critical Reynolds number is
developed here, above which these
equations can be used for design purposes regardless of the boundary
condition. Below Re
crit,
the correlations, the asymptote equation should be used for the CWT
boundary condition, which
is more prevalent in process situations than the uniform heat flux
(UHF) boundary condition.