Surface modified fullerene electron transport layers for stable and reproducible flexible perovskite solar cells

Song, Seulki; Hill, R.; Choi, Kyoungwon; Wojciechowski, Konrad; Barlow, Stephen; Leisen, Johannes; Snaith, Henry J.; Marder, Seth R.; Park, Jin Young

doi:10.1016/j.nanoen.2018.04.068

Cited by 57 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…In the n–i–p type, the device architecture is again divided into two configurations according to ETL, namely, planar and mesoporous structure, whereas for the p–i–n type, the planar structure is the most widely adopted. For ETLs, a wide range of materials from metal oxides (e.g., titanium oxide (TiO 2 ), tin oxide, and zinc oxide (ZnO)) to organic molecules, such as phenyl‐C61‐butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM) and C 60 , have been introduced. Furthermore, various materials have also been employed for HTLs from the metal oxides, such as nickel oxide (NiO x ), to organic materials, including 2,2′,7,7′‐tetrakis‐( N , N ‐di‐4‐methoxyphenylamino)‐9,9′‐spirobifluorene (spiro‐OMeTAD), poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrene‐sulfonate), and poly[bis(4‐phenyl) (2,4,6‐trimethylphenyl)amine] …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review on Reducing Grain Boundaries and Morphological Improvement of Perovskite Solar Cells from Methodology and Material‐Based Perspectives

Choi

et al. 2019

Small Methods

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The ORCID identification number(s) for the author(s) of this article can be found under https://doi.org/10.1002/smtd.201900569.Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have achieved 25.2% of their certified efficiency and emerged as up-and-coming energy-harvesting candidates owing to their superior properties. However, perovskite films are mainly polycrystalline films, and thus, the formation of grain boundaries (GBs) is inevitable. Since GBs have numerous defect sites that provide a channel for ion migration, reducing GBs is highly significant for achieving high efficiency and long-term stability of PSCs. To this end, researchers have made efforts to produce a large crystal-based perovskite film with reduced GBs. In this study, various methods that decrease GBs and enhance the morphology of perovskites are summarized and categorized into methodology-and material-based approaches. Furthermore, a future research direction to produce high-quality and large grain-based perovskite film is also proposed.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review on Reducing Grain Boundaries and Morphological Improvement of Perovskite Solar Cells from Methodology and Material‐Based Perspectives

Choi

et al. 2019

Small Methods

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“…The amounto f extracted photo-carriers and eventual PCEs tend to be hampered by losses through Shockley-Read-Hall (SRH) recombina-tion. In this regard, there have been many strategies to control the trap level in perovskite thin films through optimizing the grain size, grain boundaries,a nd relateds tructural properties by additive engineering, [7][8][9][10][11][12][13] surface treatments, [14][15][16][17][18][19][20] film casting procedures, [21] etc. To fully reach the potentials of well-engineering perovskite crystallization with reduced bulk traps, there is an urgent need to attain efficient surfacep assivation for perovskite films with which chargee xcitation in the solar cells is promoted with mitigated interfacial charget rapping and resultant SRH recombination.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Retardation of Trap‐Assisted Recombination in Lead Halide Perovskite Solar Cells by a Dimethylbiguanide Anchor Layer

Xue

You

et al. 2018

Chemistry A European J

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Reaching the full potential of solar cells based on photo‐absorbers of organic‐inorganic hybrid perovskites requires highly efficient charge extraction at the interface between perovskite and charge transporting layer. This demand is generally challenged by the presence of under‐coordinated metal or halogen ions, causing surface charge trapping and resultant recombination losses. These problems can be tackled by introducing a small molecule interfacial anchor layer based on dimethylbiguanide (DMBG). Benefitting from interactions between the nitrogen‐containing functional groups in DMBG and unsaturated ions in CH3NH3PbI3 perovskites, the electron extraction of TiO2 is dramatically improved in association with reduced Schottky–Read–Hall recombination, as revealed by photoluminescence spectroscopy. As a consequence, the power conversion efficiency of CH3NH3PbI3 solar cells is boosted from 17.14 to 19.1 %, showing appreciably reduced hysteresis. The demonstrated molecular strategy based on DMBG enables one to achieve meliorations on key figures of merit in halide perovskite solar cells with improved stability.

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“…Energy level alignment is usually investigated using ultraviolet photoemission spectroscopy (UPS) or kelvin‐probe force microscopy (KPFM). UPS measurement estimates films' WF as well as highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO), which can be combined with the optical bandgap to calculate LUMO (Figure b) . Additionally, KPFM can analysis the WF of materials under various condition (e.g., light illumination and heating) .…”

Section: Roles Of Self‐assembled Monolayersmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Short Review on Interface Engineering of Perovskite Solar Cells: A Self‐Assembled Monolayer and Its Roles

Choi

Min

et al. 2019

Solar RRL

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Self‐Assembled Monolayers In article number http://doi.wiley.com/10.1002/solr.201900251, Jongmin Choi, Taiho Park, and co‐workers report on self‐assembled monolayers that can be anchored to metal oxides and help to transport charges from perovskite. An overview of interface engineering methods for perovskite solar cells is provided, particularly with regards to the types of self‐assembled monolayers and their roles in device energy level alignment and passivation effects.

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Surface modified fullerene electron transport layers for stable and reproducible flexible perovskite solar cells

Cited by 57 publications

References 49 publications

A Review on Reducing Grain Boundaries and Morphological Improvement of Perovskite Solar Cells from Methodology and Material‐Based Perspectives

A Review on Reducing Grain Boundaries and Morphological Improvement of Perovskite Solar Cells from Methodology and Material‐Based Perspectives

Retardation of Trap‐Assisted Recombination in Lead Halide Perovskite Solar Cells by a Dimethylbiguanide Anchor Layer

A Short Review on Interface Engineering of Perovskite Solar Cells: A Self‐Assembled Monolayer and Its Roles

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