Surface enhancement of Ti–6Al–4V fabricated by selective laser melting on bone-like apatite formation

Aufa, A.N.; Hassan, Mohamad Zaki; Ismail, Zarini; Harun, Norhaslinda; Ren, Xuejun; Sadali, Mohd Faizal

doi:10.1016/j.jmrt.2022.06.135

Cited by 18 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…51 Several workers showed that Ti could be a material of importance in bone injury and implant fixation also. 52,53 In the present study, the prepared scaffolds had a porosity range of 19−27% and the porosity is higher for the Ti-doped samples (Table 1). This may be due to the shortening of the axis by substitution with titanium.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 50%

“…A few reports on titanium oxide and Ti as a trace element and their role in osteogenesis is available although a significant number of studies have been done with titanium, taking it as a surface modification agent or as an alloy in metal prosthesis . Several workers showed that Ti could be a material of importance in bone injury and implant fixation also. , …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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In Vitro and In Vivo Bone Regeneration Assessment of Titanium-Doped Waste Eggshell-Derived Hydroxyapatite in the Animal Model

Acharjee

Mandal

Samanta³

et al. 2023

ACS Biomater. Sci. Eng.

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In this work, a titanium-doped hydroxyapatite (HAp) scaffold was produced from two different sources (natural eggshell and laboratory-grade reagents) to compare the efficacy of natural and synthetic resources of HAp materials on new bone regeneration. This comparative study also reports the effect of Ti doping on the physical, mechanical, and in vitro as well as in vivo biological properties of the HAp scaffold. Pellets were prepared in the conventional powder metallurgy route, compacted, and sintered at 900 °C, showing sufficient porosity for bony ingrowth. The physical-mechanical characterizations were performed by density, porosity evaluation, XRD, FTIR, SEM analysis, and hardness measurement. In vitro interactions were evaluated by bactericidal assay, hemolysis, MTT assay, and interaction with simulated body fluid. All categories of pellets showed absolute nonhemolytic and nontoxic character. Furthermore, significant apatite formation was observed on the Tidoped HAp samples in the simulated body fluid immersion study. The developed porous pellets were implanted to assess the bone defect healing in the femoral condyle of healthy rabbits. A 2 month study after implantation showed no marked inflammatory reaction for any samples. Radiological analysis, histological analysis, SEM analysis, and oxytetracycline labeling studies depicted better invasion of mature osseous tissue in the pores of doped eggshell-derived HAp scaffolds as compared to the undoped HAp, and laboratory-made samples. Quantification using oxytetracycline labeling depicted 59.31 ± 1.89% new bone formation for Ti-doped eggshell HAp as compared to Ti-doped pure HAp (54.41 ± 1.93) and other undoped samples. Histological studies showed the presence of abundant osteoblastic and osteoclastic cells in Ti-doped eggshell HAp in contrast to other samples. Radiological and SEM data also showed similar results. The results indicated that Ti-doped biosourced HAp samples have good biocompatibility, new bone-forming ability, and could be used as a bone grafting material in orthopedic surgery.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 50%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In Vitro and In Vivo Bone Regeneration Assessment of Titanium-Doped Waste Eggshell-Derived Hydroxyapatite in the Animal Model

Acharjee

Mandal

Samanta³

et al. 2023

ACS Biomater. Sci. Eng.

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“…The surface and the microstructure properties of the as-built condition of LPBF-fabricated Ti-6Al-4V promote an earlier crack nucleation compared to wrought Ti-6Al-4V [5] and result in a lower fatigue life [27]. This has been attributed to four major contributory factors: (i) the poor surface characteristics of LPBFfabricated specimens [28], which are the result of the associated staircase effect [29][30][31], balling phenomena [32,33], and un-melted powder particles at the surface [34,35]; (ii) the metastable structure of LPBF-fabricated parts (i.e., the martensitic α ′ -phase [36], columnar prior-β grains [37], and anisotropic grain texture oriented along the build direction [38]), which is due to the involved directional solidification and cooling rates in the LPBF process; (iii) the inherent residual stress as a result of the rapid solidification and cooling rates of the process, the (iv) processing defects because of the interaction between the rapid laser scan and the loose powder bed, and the melt pool dynamics.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In Situ Microstructure Modification Using a Layerwise Surface-Preheating Laser Scan of Ti-6Al-4V during Laser Powder Bed Fusion

Tanrikulu,

Farhang,

Ganesh-Ram

et al. 2024

Materials

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An innovative in situ thermal approach in the domain of LPBF for Ti-6Al-4V fabrication has been carried out with results directing towards an improved fatigue life without the need for post-processing. The thermal process involves an additional laser scan with different process parameters to preheat the selected regions of each layer of the powder bed prior to their full melting. This preheating step influences the cooling rate, which in turn affects surface characteristics and subsurface microstructure, both of which are directly correlated with fatigue properties. A thorough analysis has been conducted by comparing the preheated samples with reference samples with no preheating. Without any additional thermal processing, the preheated samples showed a significant improvement over their reference counterparts. The optimized preheated sample showed an improved prior β-grain distribution with a circular morphology and thicker α laths within the even finer prior β-grain boundaries. Also, an overall increment of the c/a ratio of the HCP α has been observed, which yielded lattice strain relaxation in the localized grain structure. Furthermore, a less-profound surface roughness was observed in the preheated sample. The obtained microstructure with all these factors delivered a 10% improvement in its fatigue life with better mechanical strength overall.

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“…With the rapid development of laser technologies, laser surface modification technology has received extensive attentions, providing a new and more effective method for material surface modification. Laser surface modification, which mainly include laser cladding [ 23 , 24 ], laser alloying [ 25 , 26 , 27 ], laser melting [ 28 , 29 ], and pulsed laser deposition [ 30 , 31 ], is more suitable for the surface modification of metal substrates for the advantages of flexibility, a low process cost, and simple operation. Laser alloying involves the use of a high energy laser to scan and heat the pre-paved modification materials and the surface of the substrate.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Scanning Speed on the Microstructure and Wear Resistance of Laser Alloying Coatings on Ti-6Al-4V Substrate

Meng

Wang

et al. 2022

Materials

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Laser alloying has attracted significant attentions due to the advantages of high processing precision, good controllability and low heat effects on the substrate. However, the complexity of laser alloying requires further attentions on its processing parameters. This study aims at improving the wear resistance of the Ti-6Al-4V substrate by means of laser surface alloying with Ni-coated graphite (G@Ni). The effect of laser scanning speed is explored. The result suggests that the coating has a high surface quality and excellent metallurgical bonding with the substrate. NiTi and NiTi2 have a eutectic microstructure as well as in the TiC ceramic-reinforced phase as dendrites distribute in the γ-Ni matrix of the coatings. At higher scanning speeds, the lower energy density and shorter existence time of the molten pool refines the microstructure of the coating, improving its microhardness. At the scanning speed of 15 mm/s, the coating has the lowest wear weight loss due to its high microhardness and dense structure. This paper explores the influence of scanning speed on the microstructure and properties of the coatings, expanding the application of laser alloying on the surface modification of Ti-6Al-4V alloys.

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Surface enhancement of Ti–6Al–4V fabricated by selective laser melting on bone-like apatite formation

Cited by 18 publications

References 55 publications

In Vitro and In Vivo Bone Regeneration Assessment of Titanium-Doped Waste Eggshell-Derived Hydroxyapatite in the Animal Model

In Vitro and In Vivo Bone Regeneration Assessment of Titanium-Doped Waste Eggshell-Derived Hydroxyapatite in the Animal Model

In Situ Microstructure Modification Using a Layerwise Surface-Preheating Laser Scan of Ti-6Al-4V during Laser Powder Bed Fusion

Influence of Scanning Speed on the Microstructure and Wear Resistance of Laser Alloying Coatings on Ti-6Al-4V Substrate

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