“…Besides, 2D nanostructured materials deposited with noble metal NPs, such as anodic aluminum oxide layer, polymer thin films, filter paper, and porous silicon layer, are also prepared as SERS substrates. Furthermore, 3D porous structures embedded with Ag or Au NPs have also been exploited as efficient SERS substrate, such as porous polymers, porous silicon, porous alumina membranes and ceramics, and porous glass ceramics . Compared with colloid and 2D SERS substrate, it is recognized that 3D substrate can provide 3D spatial structure and larger specific surface area (SSA) for fast permeation and binding of more target analytes to form more hot spots within the laser‐illumination area, resulting in better SERS performance .…”