The interfacial characteristics between amine‐functionalized polystyrene/copper and between hydroxyl‐functionalized polystyrene/copper were investigated by adhesion strength measurements and reflection absorption infrared (RAIR) spectroscopy. Poly(styrene‐co‐4‐aminostyrene) (PS‐NH2) and poly(styrene‐co‐4‐hydroxystyrene) (PS‐OH) containing ca. 1.5 and 1.7 mol‐% of comonomers, respectively, were synthesized by anionic polymerization. The adhesion strength between PS‐OH and copper is higher than that between PS‐NH2 and copper. The analysis with RAIR spectroscopy shows that both the NH2 group in PS‐NH2 and the OH group in PS‐OH interact specifically with the copper surface. RAIR spectroscopy also shows that the OH group in PS‐OH is oriented in a parallel direction to the copper surface and that the C—O bond is oriented in a direction slightly inclined from the normal surface. The NH2 group in PS‐NH2 has two orientations, while the orientation of the C—N bond could not be identified precisely from the RAIR spectrum.