Surface Characterization of Aged Biochar Incubated in Different Types of Soil

Cao, Ting; Chen, Wenfu; Yang, Tiexin; He, Tianyi; Liu, Zunqi; Meng, Jun

doi:10.15376/biores.12.3.6366-6377

Cited by 18 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…The aging of the biochar can also influence its physical properties. Over time, the initial increase in soil porosity and SSA can start to decline [56]. In the present experiment; however, only 3.5 months were investigated and this decreasing trend could not be detected.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 53%

Biochar Alters Soil Physical Characteristics, Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi Colonization, and Glomalin Production

et al. 2020

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Soil enhancements such as biochar (BC) are gaining attention as tools to mitigate climate change and also to promote crop growth. However, biochar use can disrupt soil ecosystems by changing the soil’s physical, chemical, and biological properties. The study aimed to determine how biochar influences soil physical changes such as specific surface area (SSA) and water vapor sorption, and how these conditions affect arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal (AMF) hyphae growth and glomalin production. The study analyzed these factors at different plant phenological phases (i.e., flowering, development of fruit, and ripening of fruit and seed) to better understand the changes within the system while varying biochar amounts. The study also investigated the effect of different soil physical and chemical parameters on mycorrhizal hyphae growth and glomalin production. Four treatments were investigated: 0, 0.5%, 2.5%, and 5.0% (w/w) biochar amended silt loam soil planted with pepper. Soil samples were taken at the beginning and weeks 6, 10, and 12 of the study. The amount of adsorbed water vapor increased with an increasing amount of biochar added to the soils. Compared to control, SSA was significantly higher in all biochar amended treatments based on adsorption data, and only in the highest biochar amended soils for the desorption data at the end of the experiment. The presence of AMF in the roots appeared at week 6 of the experiment and the intensity of AMF root colonization increased with the age of plants. The AMF colonization parameters were significantly lower in BC2.5 compared to all other biochar amended soils. The abundance of intraradical AMF structures was highly correlated with several physicochemical soil parameters, such as SSA, the geometric mean diameter of soil aggregate, soil aggregate sizes, or pH. Glomalin production was negatively correlated with SSA, water vapor adsorption, aggregate stability, aggregate size, total nitrogen, potassium, and organic carbon content of the soil, while positive correlation was observed with bulk density. Increased biochar amount resulted in a significant decrease in glomalin production, concurrent with the age of the plants. Our results highlight the great complexity of interactions between soil physicochemical and biological parameters, and the importance of the time of sampling when biochar is used in soil, as the effects of biochar additions on the plant, soil physical characteristics, and soil microsymbionts vary over time.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 53%

Biochar Alters Soil Physical Characteristics, Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi Colonization, and Glomalin Production

et al. 2020

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“…The pH decreased with the aging of the peanut straw biochar, which was reported in many studies (Bakshi et al 2016;Cao et al 2017). After freeze-thaw aging, the pH of the biochar decreased from 8.2 to 8.2 at 350 °C, from 9.8 to 9.2 at 500 °C, and from 10.4 to 9.4 at 650 °C.…”

Section: Yield Ash and Phsupporting

confidence: 61%

Changes in the physicochemical characteristics of peanut straw biochar after freeze-thaw and dry-wet aging treatments of the biomass

Cao

Jing

Hao

et al. 2019

BioRes

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Effects of aging after pyrolysis were tested relative to the physicochemical characteristics of peanut straw biochar. Biochar was prepared at pyrolysis temperatures of 350 °C, 500 °C, and 650 °C; then, it was freeze-thawed and dry-wet aged. The physicochemical characteristics of the fresh and aged biochar were analyzed. The results showed that the pyrolysis temperature, ambient temperature, and humidity affected the physicochemical characteristics of the biochar. With the increase of pyrolysis temperature, the yield and surface acidic functional groups of the fresh biochar decreased, whereas the ash content, C content, pH, specific surface area, and mesoporous volume of the fresh biochar increased. The aging treatment increased the acidic functional groups content in the biochar and reduced the aromatic functional groups content, which decreased the pH value of the biochar. The aging treatment increased the specific surface area and pore volume of the biochar, and the effect of freeze-thaw aging was greater than that of dry-wet aging. The aging treatment also destroyed the complete shape of the fresh biochar, and reduced its stability. After the aging treatment, the C content of the biochar decreased, whereas the O content increased, due to oxidation of the biochar.

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“…This is particularly significant as biochar is commonly used as a soil amendment to improve nutrient and water retention in sandy textured soils, where the supply of abraderssand-sized particles for initiating saltation-induced bombardment-is not limited (Gelardi et al, 2019;Ravi et al, 2016). We also acknowledge that fine particle generation is facilitated by other physical and chemical mechanisms of biochar disintegration in soils (Cao et al, 2017;Le et al, 2020;Spokas et al, 2014).…”

Section: 1029/2020gh000311mentioning

confidence: 98%

Generation, Resuspension, and Transport of Particulate Matter From Biochar‐Amended Soils: A Potential Health Risk

Ravi

Meng

et al. 2020

GeoHealth

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Large-scale soil application of biochar is one of the terrestrial carbon sequestration strategies for future climate change mitigation pathways, which can also help remove and sequester pollutants from contaminated soil and water. However, black carbon emissions from biochar-amended soils can deteriorate air quality and affect human health, as the biochar particles often contain a higher amount of sorbed toxic pollutants than the soil. Yet, the extent and mechanism of inhalable particulate matter (PM 10) emission from biochar-amended soils at different wind regimes have not been evaluated. Using wind tunnel experiments to simulate different wind regimes, we quantified particulate emission from sand amended with 1-4% (by weight) biochar at two size fractions: with and without <2-mm biochar. At wind speeds below the threshold speed for soil erosion, biochar application significantly increased PM 10 emission by up to 400% due to the direct resuspension of inhalable biochar particles. At wind speeds above the threshold speed, emission increased by up to 300% even from biochar without inhalable fractions due to collisions of fast-moving sand particles with large biochar particles. Using a theoretical framework, we show that particulate matter emissions from biochar-amended soils could be higher than that previously expected at wind speeds below the erosion threshold wind speed for background soil. Our results indicate that current models for fugitive dust emissions may underestimate the particulate matter emission potential of biochar-amended soils and will help improve the assessment of biochar emission from amended soils.

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Surface Characterization of Aged Biochar Incubated in Different Types of Soil

Cited by 18 publications

References 34 publications

Biochar Alters Soil Physical Characteristics, Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi Colonization, and Glomalin Production

Biochar Alters Soil Physical Characteristics, Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi Colonization, and Glomalin Production

Changes in the physicochemical characteristics of peanut straw biochar after freeze-thaw and dry-wet aging treatments of the biomass

Generation, Resuspension, and Transport of Particulate Matter From Biochar‐Amended Soils: A Potential Health Risk

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