Supplemental nutrition assistance program and body weight outcomes: The role of economic contextual factors

Han, Euna; Powell, Lisa M.; Isgor, Zeynep

doi:10.1016/j.socscimed.2012.02.032

Cited by 18 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Longitudinal studies based on objectively measured outcomes are needed to strengthen the evidence base. Like cross-sectional studies, extant longitudinal research produced mixed results and most commonly measured healthy and unhealthy food availability solely as the number, density, or proximity of retail food outlets based on secondary data (Block et al, 2011; Boone-Heinonen et al, 2013; Gibson, 2011; Han et al, 2012; Li et al, 2009; Powell & Han, 2011). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Longitudinal Associations Between Observed and Perceived Neighborhood Food Availability and Body Mass Index in a Multiethnic Urban Sample

et al. 2016

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Introduction Blacks, Hispanics, and women of lower socioeconomic status tend to have a higher risk of obesity. Numerous studies over the past decade examined the role of the neighborhood food environment in body weight. However, few were longitudinal. Purpose This study examined whether multiple measures of neighborhood food availability were associated with body mass index (BMI) over time in a predominately black and Hispanic adult sample living in low to moderate income urban neighborhoods. Methods This longitudinal study utilized two waves of data (2002 (2008), including interviewer-measured height and weight, from a community survey of adults (n=219). In both 2002 and 2008, multiple measures characterized neighborhood food availability: GIS-derived availability of retail food outlets (large grocery store, small grocery store, convenience store, liquor stores), observed fruit and vegetable availability (count of stores selling 10 or more fresh fruit or vegetable varieties), and perceived fruit and vegetable access. Random intercept models estimated multivariable associations, controlling for individual-level demographics and neighborhood median household income. Results Small grocery store availability was associated with 1.22-unit increase in BMI (p=0.047), while each unit increase in perceived fruit and vegetable access was associated with a 0.69-unit decrease in BMI (p=0.055). BMI over time was not associated with large grocery store, convenience store, or liquor store availability, or with observed fruit and vegetable availability. Conclusions Findings suggest that improving the neighborhood food environment, particularly at small grocery stores, may help urban residents living in low to moderate income neighborhoods achieve healthier body weights over time.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Longitudinal Associations Between Observed and Perceived Neighborhood Food Availability and Body Mass Index in a Multiethnic Urban Sample

et al. 2016

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“…Han et al [9] found that a large number of supermarkets and grocery stores in one’s zip code reduced the strength of the association between SNAP participation and BMI in a US representative sample. We used food environment indicators in the respondents’ census tract, which is a smaller geography than zip codes and therefore may better reflect neighborhood availability.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We used food environment indicators in the respondents’ census tract, which is a smaller geography than zip codes and therefore may better reflect neighborhood availability. In addition, we looked at a different dimension of the food environment than Han et al [9], focusing on the density of unhealthy food outlets instead of on supermarkets and grocery stores. Even though the majority of SNAP-participating households report using supermarkets as their main type of food store [22], most also report redeeming SNAP benefits in other stores [23, 24], with 42% using convenience stores [24].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Specifically, the authors highlight the need to understand how the neighborhood accessibility (and quality) of SNAP stores would affect SNAP participants’ weight status [3]. In recent years, the food environment has been studied in reference to both obesity [6] and SNAP [7, 8], with some studies focused on the role of the food environment (particularly the healthy component) in the SNAP participation – obesity relationship [9]. Moreover, a recent evaluation on the adequacy of SNAP allotments concluded that aspects of the nutritional environment need to be taken into account when evaluating and revising such allotments [10], highlighting the importance of the food environment for SNAP participants.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The unhealthy food environment does not modify the association between obesity and participation in the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) in Los Angeles County

et al. 2017

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BackgroundParticipation in the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) has been linked to an increased risk of obesity, but not much is known about the mechanisms behind this association. The objective of this study was to determine if the neighborhood density of unhealthy food outlets modifies the association between obesity and participation in SNAP.MethodsData comes from the first wave of the Los Angeles Family and Neighborhood Survey; included are a subsample of adults (18+ years) who were SNAP participants or eligible non-participants (N = 1,176). We carried out multilevel analyses with obesity (BMI ≥ 30 Kg/m2), SNAP participation, and the neighborhood density of unhealthy food outlets as dependent, independent and modifying variables, respectively, controlling for age, gender, race/ethnicity, marital status, working status, mental health, and neighborhood poverty.ResultsSNAP participants had double the odds of obesity compared to eligible non-participants (OR = 2.02; 95%CI = 1.44-2.83). However, the neighborhood density of unhealthy food outlets did not modify this association.ConclusionsSNAP participation was associated with higher odds of obesity in our primarily Hispanic sample in Los Angeles County, with no effect modification found for the unhealthy portion of the food environment. More research is needed with additional food environment measures to confirm our null findings. Additional research is needed to elucidate the mechanisms linking SNAP participation and obesity as they remain unclear.

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“…14 Limited supermarket access, typically defined by physical proximity to the nearest supermarket or grocery store, 15 has been associated with overweight and obesity in many 16,17 but not all 15,18 studies. These discordant findings may arise because measures of neighborhood supermarket proximity may not capture actual supermarket access and use.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Food- and Health-Related Correlates of Self-Reported Body Mass Index Among Low-Income Mothers of Young Children

McCurdy

Kisler

Gorman

et al. 2015

Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior

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Objective Examine how income-related challenges around food and health are associated with variation in self-reported maternal body weight among low-income mothers. Design Cross-sectional, correlational design. Convenience sample recruited from 7 daycare centers and a Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program outreach project. Maternal self-report data collected between October 2009 and May 2011. Setting Two Northeastern cities. Participants Sample of 166 mothers; 67% overweight or obese, 55% Hispanic, 42% reporting household food insecurity (HFI). Main Outcome Measures Maternal self-reported height and weight to calculate Body Mass Index (BMI). Independent variables: food program participation, supermarket use, 8-item food shopping practices scale, HFI, maternal depressive symptoms, self-rated health (SRH). Analysis Hierarchical multiple regression analysis tested relationships between maternal BMI with the independent variables of interest, adjusting for demographic confounds. Results Shopping practices to stretch food dollars (P = .04), using community food assistance programs (P < .05), and HFI (P < .04) correlated with heavier maternal BMIs; higher SRH corresponded to lower BMIs (P =.004). Conclusions and Implications Some strategies low-income mothers use to manage food resources are associated with heavier BMIs. Nutrition educators, public health practitioners, and researchers need to collaboratively address the associations between these strategies, food insecurity, poor health, and unhealthy weight.

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Supplemental nutrition assistance program and body weight outcomes: The role of economic contextual factors

Cited by 18 publications

References 32 publications

Longitudinal Associations Between Observed and Perceived Neighborhood Food Availability and Body Mass Index in a Multiethnic Urban Sample

Longitudinal Associations Between Observed and Perceived Neighborhood Food Availability and Body Mass Index in a Multiethnic Urban Sample

The unhealthy food environment does not modify the association between obesity and participation in the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) in Los Angeles County

Food- and Health-Related Correlates of Self-Reported Body Mass Index Among Low-Income Mothers of Young Children

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