Superparamagnetic iron oxide-enhanced MRI at 3 T for accurate axillary staging in breast cancer

Abstract

SPIO-enhanced MRI at 3 T is useful for accurate diagnosis of metastatic sentinel nodes, indicating that sentinel node biopsy may be avoided in patients with breast cancer who have non-metastatic sentinel nodes on imaging.

Population-based study of the sensitivity of axillary ultrasound imaging in the preoperative staging of node-positive invasive lobular carcinoma of the breast

“…A number of radiological techniques have been tried in the past to increase the sensitivity of recognition of metastatic axillary lymph nodes before treatment. Evans and colleagues showed that mean stiffness at shear wave elastography in combination with grey‐scale ultrasonography is an independent predictor of lymph node metastasis.…”

Call for a Multidisciplinary Effort to Map the Lymphatic System with Advanced Medical Imaging Techniques: A Review of the Literature and Suggestions for Future Anatomical Research

“…This makes the lymphatic system notoriously difficult to locate during a dissection without additional contrast. Several contrast agents have been employed to assist in sentinel node biopsy in patients and the most well‐known contrast agents that are used for surgical and medical imaging purposes in patients are, Evans blue, patent blue (Tsopelas and Sutton ), indocyanine green (Yamamoto et al ; Guo et al ), 99m Tc nanocolloid for lymphoscintigraphy (Schicha ; Ballardini et al ) and superparamagnetic iron oxide particles for MRI (Pouw et al ; Rubio et al ; Motomura et al ).…”

Next-generation superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles for cancer theranostics

“…Early and sensitive cancer diagnosis along with effective treatment are critical for favorable outcomes. Superparamagnetic iron oxide (SPIO) nanoparticles have been successfully used for staging and treatment monitoring of a variety of cancers with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) [2,3]. Since imagers have successfully delivered SPIO to cancers through intravenous injection [4-6], we can build on decades of this experience and use these same probes as Trojan horses for the delivery of therapeutic drugs to cancers.…”