Sulfonic acid functionalized hydrophobic mesoporous biochar: Design, preparation and acid-catalytic properties

Zhong, Yao; Deng, Qiang; Zhang, Peixin; Wang, Jun; Wang, Rong; Zeng, Zheling; Deng, Shuguang

doi:10.1016/j.fuel.2018.11.152

Cited by 63 publications

(57 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…They are commonly prepared by reaction of carboxylic acids or activated acid derivatives, e.g., acid chlorides or anhydrides, with alcohols [34]. It is well known that acid catalysts, as in our case, accelerate esterification reactions [35]. On the other hand, the strength of catalyst acidity affects the cracking behavior and catalyst deactivation by the deposition of polymerized high boiling hydrocarbons on its surface [36].…”

Section: First Series Of Catalysts: Effect Of Loading-the Poisoning Amentioning

confidence: 99%

Developing Nickel–Zirconia Co-Precipitated Catalysts for Production of Green Diesel

et al. 2019

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The transformation of sunflower oil (SO) and waste cooking oil (WCO) into green diesel over co-precipitated nickel–zirconia catalysts was studied. Two series of catalysts were prepared. The first series included catalysts with various Ni loadings prepared using zirconium oxy-chloride, whereas the second series included catalysts with 60–80 wt % Ni loading prepared using zirconium oxy-nitrate as zirconium source. The catalysts were characterized and evaluated in the transformation of SO into green diesel. The best catalysts were also evaluated for green diesel production using waste cooking oil. The catalysts performance for green diesel production is mainly governed by the Ni surface exposed, their acidity, and the reducibility of the ZrO2. These characteristics depend on the preparation method and the Zr salt used. The presence of chlorine in the catalysts drawn from the zirconium oxy-chloride results to catalysts with relatively low Ni surface, high acidity and hardly reduced ZrO2 phase. These characteristics lead to relatively low activity for green diesel production, whereas they favor high yields of wax esters. Ni-ZrO2 catalysts with Ni loading in the range 60–80 wt %, prepared by urea hydrothermal co-precipitation method using zirconium oxy-nitrate as ZrO2 precursor salt exhibited higher Ni surface, moderate acidity, and higher reducibility of ZrO2 phase. The latter catalysts were proved to be very promising for green diesel production.

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Section: First Series Of Catalysts: Effect Of Loading-the Poisoning Amentioning

confidence: 99%

Developing Nickel–Zirconia Co-Precipitated Catalysts for Production of Green Diesel

et al. 2019

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“…344,345 Sulfonation can also be achieved by treating the carbon material with a sulfonating reagent, such as gaseous SO 3 , ClSO 3 H, p-toluenesulfonic acid, 4-benzenediazonium sulfonate or SO 3 H-containing aryl diazoniums. [346][347][348][349] These materials possess promising features, such as biogenic, environment-friendly, lower production costs, distinctive surface chemistry, high chemical and thermal stability.…”

Section: àmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…350 The functionalized acidic carbons from inexpensive sources, including natural organic carbon matter (such as sugars, carbohydrates, cellulosic materials, and lignin), have been achieved by several researchers. 341,[351][352][353] Besides this, agro waste such as husk, straw, seed cover, cow manure, corn cob, 342,343,354,355 carbonaceous waste from industries (char, oil pitch, coke, glycerol) 346,348,356,357 and polymer resins 349,358,359 were also used. Various carbon supports (e.g., zeolite-templated carbons, mesoporous carbons, active carbon) 352,353,360,361 and more recently nanostructured carbons (such as graphene, graphene oxide, carbon nanotubes, and carbon dots) 362-367 have been exploited for the same purpose.…”

Section: àmentioning

confidence: 99%

Widely used catalysts in biodiesel production: a review

et al. 2020

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“…NMR is another spectroscopic technique commonly used to in-depth investigate the fine structure of BC. The degree of carbonization and stability of BC pyrolyzed at different temperatures and heating rates can be compared using the NMR spectroscopy [76,77]. Moreover, it can provide details on the functional groups and hydrocarbons [78].…”

Section: Structure and Chemical Compositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Progress in Biochar-Based Photocatalysts for Wastewater Treatment: Synthesis, Mechanisms, and Applications

Cui

Zhang

et al. 2020

Applied Sciences

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Biochar (BC) is a carbon-rich material produced from pyrolysis of biomass. In addition to its low toxicity, environmental compatibility, and low cost, BC has the desired advantages of well-developed mesoporous structure and abundant surface functional groups. In recent years, BC-based photocatalysts (BCPs) have played a significant role in many environmental fields. In this paper, we highlight the current progress and several exciting results of BCPs by focusing on their synthesis, characterization, mechanisms, and applications in wastewater treatment. Details on various preparation methods include sol–gel, hydrothermal/solvothermal, ultrasound, calcination, and in situ methods are summarized and discussed. The underlying mechanisms and the applications of BCPs for different semiconductors are reviewed. Furthermore, some future trends and potentials are outlined.

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Sulfonic acid functionalized hydrophobic mesoporous biochar: Design, preparation and acid-catalytic properties

Cited by 63 publications

References 45 publications

Developing Nickel–Zirconia Co-Precipitated Catalysts for Production of Green Diesel

Developing Nickel–Zirconia Co-Precipitated Catalysts for Production of Green Diesel

Widely used catalysts in biodiesel production: a review

Recent Progress in Biochar-Based Photocatalysts for Wastewater Treatment: Synthesis, Mechanisms, and Applications

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