Suitability of Location for Restocking Clams Tridacnidae in the Spermonde Archipelago

Abstract

Efforts to protect giant clams from extinction one of them through conservation, which set a region as a restocking area. The research aimed to analyze the suitability environments with the density giant clams in the aquatic. The research conducted in September 2013-January 2014. The research site was determined by purposive sampling of middle inner zone = MIZ, middle outer zone = MOZ, and outer zone = OZ in the aquatic of Spermonde Archipelago. The research conducted was using observation method of biology, physics, and chemistry parameters of aquatic at mintakat reef flats, reef slope and reef base. Data analysis of location suitability of restocking giant clams using WSM method (and correlation analysis of giant clams density with water quality, then integrated with ALOS Avnir-2 image. The result research shows the density giant clams influenced by the physical environment parameters, mainly salinity, brightness and depth. The suitability location of restocking giant clams for class Very suitable in P. Langkadea and P. Pala (MOZ), P. Cangke (OZ), P. Tambakulu and P. Kondongbali (OZ) on mintakat reef flats. Class Very suitability on reef slope in P. Kondongbali and P. Kapoposang (OZ). Class accordance with the reef flats, there are P. Podang Podang Lompo (MOZ), P. Sarappo Keke (OZ) and P. Kapoposang (OZ). Class Appropriate to reef slope mintakat in P. Langkadea (MOZ) and P. Sarappo Keke (OZ). Determination of giant clams restocking area in nature needs considers the location suitability, primarily the quality of aquatic physics. Keywords: conservation, clam, weight sum model, ALOS Avnir-2 image

Length-Weight Relationships of Brown-Marbled Grouper Epinephelus fuscoguttatus Forsskål, 1775 in Bobong Taliabu Waters of North Maluku, Indonesia

“…Although the sample size is large enough it covers 80% of the total known maximum length, but for this species is generally smaller than the total size of a reported total of 120 cm. The difference in total length size may be due to the dominance of small size fish in this geographic area or environmental constraints, Rochmady & Susiana [24], Susiana et al [25]. The values of 'b' for this fish species have not been reported.…”

Ecological potential and spread distribution pattern sea cucumber <i>Holothuria scabra</i> and <i>Holothuria vagabunda</i> at Tanjungkeramat waters in Pangkil Village Bintan Regency, Indonesia

“…Sebaran secara seragam mungkin terjadi apabila kompetisi atau persaingan antar individu-individu sangat kuat sehingga terjadi pembagian wilayah yang sangat merata antar setiap individu. Pola sebaran mengelompok dengan tingkat pengelompokan yang bermacam-macam merupakan bentuk sebaran yang paling umum terjadi karena individu-individu dalam populasi cenderung membentuk kelompok dalam berbagai ukuran (Susiana et al, 2013;Susiana et al, 2014;Susiana et al, 2017;Susiana et al, 2019).…”

Eating habits of sea cucumber (<i>Holothuria scabra</i>) and sea cucumber sap (<i>Holothuria vagabunda</i>) in Karas waters, Batam City, Indonesia

“…Teripang merupakan komponen penting dalam rantai makanan (food chain) terumbu karang dan ekosistem asosiasinya pada berbagai tingkat struktur pakan (trophic levels) (Rochmady, 2011a;Agusta, 2012;Azizah et al, 2017;Susiana et al, 2017;Susiana et al, 2019). Teripang berperan penting sebagai pemakan deposit (deposit feeder) yaitu pemakan endapan dan pemakan suspensi (suspensi feeder).…”

“…Peningkatan suhu dari kisaran optimum akan mempengaruhi biologi reproduksi (Rochmady et al, 2011b;Rakhfid et al, 2019) dan kecepatan makan dari teripang itu sendiri bahkan teripang akan kehilangan selera makan sama sekali (Lewerissa, 2009). Salinitas merupakan salah satu faktor yang mempengaruhi keberadaan dan kehidupan biota di perairan (Purwati, 2003;Susiana, 2011;Susiana et al, 2013;Susiana et al, 2014, Rochmady et al, 2016Susiana et al, 2017;Susiana et al, 2019;Tangke et al, 2020), termasuk teripang. Hasil pengukuran salinitas di perairan Pulau Karas berkisar antara 29-30%0 dihubungkan dengan baku mutu Keputusan Menteri Lingkungan Hidup No.51 Tahun 2004 tentang baku mutu untuk biota laut salinitas yang ada di perairan berkisar antara 33-34%0.…”