Suicide Prevention Mobile Apps: Descriptive Analysis of Apps from the Most Popular Virtual Stores

Abstract

Background Provision of follow-up and care during treatment of people with suicidal intentions is a challenge for health professionals and experts in information and communications technology (ICT). Therefore, health professionals and ICT experts are making efforts to carry out these activities in collaboration by using mobile apps as a technological resource. Objective This study aimed to descriptively analyze mobile apps aimed at suicide prevention and to determine relevant factors in their design and development. In addition, it sought to analyze their impact on the support of treatment for patients at risk for suicide. Methods We considered 20 apps previously listed in the article “Mobile Apps for Suicide Prevention: Review of Virtual Stores and Literature” (de la Torre et al, JMIR mHealth uHealth 2017;5[10]:e130). To find the apps in this list, the most popular app stores (Android and iOS) were searched using the keyword “suicide prevention.” The research focused on publicly available app information: language, platform, and user ratings. The results obtained were statistically evaluated using 16 parameters that establish various factors that may affect the choice of the user, and the consequent support that the app can offer to a person at risk for suicide. Results Of the 20 mobile apps, 4 no longer appeared in the app stores and were therefore excluded. Analysis of the remaining 16 apps sampled showed the following: (1) a high percentage of the apps analyzed in the study (n=13, 82%) are provided in English language; (2) the sampled apps were last updated in 2017, when only 45% of them were updated, but the constant and progressive update of treatments should be reflected in the apps; and (3) the technical quality of these apps cannot be determined on the basis of the distribution of scores, because their popularity indices can be subjective (according to the users). User preference for a particular operating system would require further, more specific research, including study of the differences in the technical and usability aspects between both platforms and the design of medical apps. Conclusions Although there are positive approaches to the use of apps for suicide prevention and follow-up, the technical and human aspects are yet to be explored and defined. For example, the design and development of apps that support suicide prevention should be strongly supported by health personnel to humanize these apps, so that the effectiveness of the treatments supported by them can be improved.

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Digital tools for the assessment of pharmacological treatment for depressive disorder: State of the art

“…The recent analysis of 20 mobile apps proposed for suicide prevention has revealed several technical and human aspects, which still need to be clearly defined. The analysis concluded that the design and development of apps aiming to prevent and monitor suicide behaviour should be strongly supported by qualified mental health professionals understanding the needs of people being in the critical situations ( Castillo-Sánchez et al, 2019 ). A promising approach has been described, applying both digital phenotyping and machine learning linked to Fitbit, Apple Health kit and Facebook.…”

How can mobile applications support suicide prevention gatekeepers in Australian Indigenous communities?

“…Mobile apps may provide innovative, efficient, and cost-effective means for delivering suicide intervention strategies. Systematic reviews have identified between 14 and 49 suicide prevention apps available on Australian and American app markets that vary in terms of target users (mostly for at-risk user, some third party, and combined), or populations (broad community or specific groups, e.g., military or youth), as well as content, features and functions (Aguirre et al, 2013, Castillo-Sánchez et al, 2019, de la Torre et al, 2017, Larsen et al, 2016, Luxton et al, 2015, Martinengo et al, 2019. The following five principal features and functions were identified in Luxton and colleagues (2015) review of 14 apps: information about suicide prevention; connection to services and emergency crisis lines; safety planning and coping strategies; clinical assessment; and patient contact.…”