Succession and management of tropical dry forests in the Americas: Review and new perspectives

Quesada, Maurício; Sánchez‐Azofeifa, Arturo; Álvarez-Añorve, Mariana Yolotl; Stoner, Kathryn E.; Ávila-Cabadilla, Luis Daniel; Calvo–Alvarado, Julio; Castillo, Alicia; Espírito-Santo, Mário M.; Fagundes, Marcílio; Fernandes, Geraldo Wilson; Gamon, John A.; Lopezaraiza‐Mikel, Martha; Lawrence, Deborah; Morellato, Leonor Patrícia Cerdeira; Powers, Jennifer S.; Neves, Frederico S.; Rosas‐Guerrero, Víctor; Sayago, Roberto; Sanchez‐Montoya, Gumersindo

doi:10.1016/j.foreco.2009.06.023

Cited by 304 publications

(276 citation statements)

References 188 publications

(251 reference statements)

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“…Although diverse, few studies are dedicated to tropical dry forests compared to tropical rainforests (Quesada et al, 2009). Even rarer are studies about herbivory patterns, as well as their mechanisms (Janzen, 1981(Janzen, , 1987Neves et al, 2010).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Herbivory among habitats on the Neotropical tree Cnidoscolus quercifolius Pohl. in a seasonally deciduous forest

et al. 2012

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Our goal was to identify herbivory patterns from two insect guilds associated with Cnidoscolus quercifolius in a tropical deciduous forest in northeastern Brazil. We sampled four different habitats: (1) forest edge, (2) mesic (near to the perennial water source), (3) forest interior and (4) rupestrian fields. Habitat edge had lower leaf damage than rupestrian, mesic and forest interior habitats. Nevertheless, abundance of galls at the edge habitat was higher than at mesic, forest interior and/or rupestrian habitats. There was no difference in gall mortality by natural enemies among the four habitats sampled, demonstrating the absence of any influence of top-down controls related to abundance of galls. Trophic relationships were not related to the patterns of distribution among habitats of two insect herbivorous guilds associated with C. quercifolius. Our results demonstrated that environmental heterogeneity of dry forests can significantly alter important ecological interactions and experimental studies are needed to better understand the mechanisms responsible for differences in herbivory among habitats.Keywords: Caatinga, galling insects, herbivory.Herbivoria entre habitats em uma árvore neotropical Cnidoscolus quercifolius Polh. em uma floresta estacional decidual ResumoNosso objetivo foi identificar os padrões de herbivoria de duas guildas de insetos herbívoros associadas à Cnidoscolus quercifolius, em uma floresta estacional seca do nordeste do Brasil. Foram amostrados quatro diferentes habitats: (1) borda florestal; (2) mésico (próximo a uma fonte de água perene); (3) interior florestal, e (4) rupestre. O habitat borda apresentou uma quantidade de dano foliar inferior aos habitats rupestre, mésico e interior florestal. Diferentemente, a abundância de galhas no habitat borda foi superior aos habitats mésico, interior florestal e rupestre. Não houve diferença na mortalidade de galhas por inimigos naturais entre os quatro habitats, o que revela ausência de influência de controles top-down relacionados à abundância de galhas. Relações tróficas não parecem influenciar os padrões de distribuição entre habitats das duas guildas de insetos herbívoros associadas à C. quercifolius. Nossos resultados demonstram que a heterogeneidade ambiental de florestas secas pode alterar significativamente importantes interações ecológicas e que trabalhos experimentais são necessários para uma melhor compreensão dos mecanismos responsáveis pelas diferenças nas taxas de herbivoria entre habitats.Palavras-chave: Caatinga, insetos galhadores, herbivoria.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Herbivory among habitats on the Neotropical tree Cnidoscolus quercifolius Pohl. in a seasonally deciduous forest

et al. 2012

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“…The forest is classified as seasonal, semi-deciduous lowland forest, also known as tabuleiro forest because of its phytogeographic features (Rizzini 1979;RadamBrasil 1983;Veloso et al 1991). Globally, however, it is known as Tropical Dry Forest (Quesada et al 2009) with anthropic disturbance due to deforestation. The climate of the area is classified as Aw according to Alvares (2014) and is seasonal, being warm and moist during the rainy season in the summer, and with a dry season in the winter.…”

Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

Ecological significance of wood anatomy of Alseis pickelii Pilg. & Schmale (Rubiaceae) in a Tropical Dry Forest

2016

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This work describes, analyzes and compares the wood anatomy of Alseis pickelii from two distinct sites in Tropical Dry Forest. One site is an exploited forest that was disturbed by deforestation whereas the other site is preserved and has not been logged since selective logging in the 1960's. For the evaluation of wood anatomy, plant material was processed following standard techniques for light microscopy and histochemical tests. The results indicated that A. pickelii did not vary qualitatively between the two sites. The histochemical tests indicated the presence of prismatic crystals and starch in radial parenchyma of samples from both sites. Some quantitative parameters differed significantly between the two sites including: vessel frequency; vessel length and lumina area; intervessel pits; diameter, lumina, length and wall thickness of fibres; and radial parenchyma width. In general, these quantitative parameters had higher values in the samples from the exploited site, suggesting an adjustment to the more severe drought conditions there. Quantitative anatomical differences in the samples from the two sites show the influence that environmental conditions can have on wood anatomy. The observed anatomical characteristics may also be useful for taxonomic and ecological studies of this species and genus.

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“…Regardless of the importance for the conservation of biodiversity and for the environmental services that sustain a considerable part of Mexico's rural population (Toledo et al 1989, Toledo & Ordoñez 1998, Dorado et al 2002, the knowledge of the floristic, vegetation structure and composition, their current situation and change dynamics, as well as of the forces that promote their degradation is limited (Trejo 1998, Cervantes et al 2001, Quesada et al 2009. Although this tendency is changing, knowledge is focused only in few places of the country (Noguera et al 2002, Gallardo-Cruz et al 2005, Maass et al 2005, Álvarez-Yépiz et al 2008, Lebrija-Trejos et al 2008) and reference to the causes of disturbance, when present, is superficial (Quesada et al 2009).…”

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confidence: 99%

Vegetation of a tropical dry forest in a landscape with chronic disturbance: the case of the indigenous community of San Nicolás Zoyatlan (Guerrero, Mexico)

et al. 2017

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Background: Tropical dry forests (TDF) provide numerous environmental services to its residents; this has led them to be humanized landscapes subjected to chronic disturbance with a high risk of disappearing. Research question: To establish the relationship of vegetation structure and composition of a chronically disturbed TDF, with some environmental factors and the intensity of agricultural land use. Study site and period of research: Our study was conducted during six months (July through November) in the TDF of the community of San Nicolas Zoyatlan (Guerrero, Mexico); a territory with a history of over 500 years of agricultural use. This use has led to a complex mosaic of vegetation fragments. Methods: A selection of 36 fragments was studied to determine vegetation structure and composition as well as environmental factors. Representative plants from sampled areas were collected. Data gathered was explored with regression and multivariate statistical analysis techniques. Results: A total of 59 families, 178 genera and 279 species were recorded. Species richness varied widely among fragments, in general with a low dominance and high turnover of species. Slope was the only factor that showed a solid relationship with vegetation variables. Three groups of fragments were established and the statistical differences between them were explained by the duration of fallow. The fragments with longer fallow period showed the best conditions in vegetation variables and 66.9 % of the species were found in them. Conclusions: Composition and structure of the tropical dry forests were related to intensity of agricultural land use. Although there is a process of impoverishment, vegetation dynamics involving species of the Fabaceae, Asteraceae and Burseraceae families show a potential for their use in the environmental restoration of Zoyatlan. Keywords: Balsas watershed, chronic disturbance, composition and structure, intensity of agricultural use, potential species. ResumenAntecedentes: Los bosques tropicales secos (BTS) aportan numerosos servicios ambientales a sus habitantes, esto los ha llevado a ser paisajes humanizados sujetos a disturbio crónico con riesgo de desaparecer. Pregunta: ¿Cuál es la relación de la composición y estructura de la vegetación de un BTS sujeto a disturbio crónico, con algunos factores del medio físico y la intensidad de uso agrícola del suelo? Sitio de estudio y fecha: El estudio se realizó en la comunidad de San Nicolás Zoyatlan (Guerrero, México) durante seis meses (junio-noviembre). Este territorio cuenta con más de 500 años de uso agropecuario, lo que ha propiciado un complejo mosaico de fragmentos de vegetación. Métodos: Se muestrearon 36 fragmentos para determinar la composición y estructura de la vegetación y los factores ambientales. Se recolectó y herborizó el material botánico representativo de las áreas muestreadas. Utilizando análisis de regresión y técnicas multivariadas se establecieron, tanto relaciones entre la vegetación y los factores ambientales como grupos específicos ...

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Succession and management of tropical dry forests in the Americas: Review and new perspectives

Cited by 304 publications

References 188 publications

Herbivory among habitats on the Neotropical tree Cnidoscolus quercifolius Pohl. in a seasonally deciduous forest

Herbivory among habitats on the Neotropical tree Cnidoscolus quercifolius Pohl. in a seasonally deciduous forest

Ecological significance of wood anatomy of Alseis pickelii Pilg. & Schmale (Rubiaceae) in a Tropical Dry Forest

Vegetation of a tropical dry forest in a landscape with chronic disturbance: the case of the indigenous community of San Nicolás Zoyatlan (Guerrero, Mexico)

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