Substance use prevention through school and community-based health promotion: a transdisciplinary approach from Iceland

Sigfúsdóttir, Inga Dóra; Kristjánsson, Álfgeir L.; Guðmundsdóttir, Margrét Lilja; Allegrante, John P.

doi:10.1177/1757975911412403

Cited by 35 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…This toolkit approach to prevention is consistent with recent recommendations for the development and application of applied approaches to population health problems, which integrates research with evidence‐based practice most effectively . Thus, our analyses would appear to endorse the substance use prevention approach that was initiated in Iceland in the late 1990s .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 79%

“…Secondly, providing dissemination reports that provide school‐ or neighborhood‐specific information enhances the relevance of the findings for local stakeholders, practitioners and policymakers. Thirdly, building a long‐term community‐level commitment to curtailing adolescent substance use and creating an environment that is low in risk factors and high in protective factors for substance use, thus promoting the social construction of an environment in which the default choice of adolescents is to select behaviors and activities that confer protection and reduce the risk of substance use . Fourthly, ICSRA defines risk and protective factors for substance use that are based on the research literature but does not offer a standardized intervention ‘prevention package’ to participating communities.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Every 3 years the ICSRA surveys, entitled ‘Youth in Iceland’ , focus on broad categories of interest . For the purposes of this report, those categories include: (a) substance use, where measurement is similar to the Monitoring the Future surveys being conducted in the United States and the ESPAD surveys in Europe ; (b) protective factors for substance use, with focus on factors that have been known to decrease the odds of substance use among teens, such as parental support, monitoring and co‐communication, school wellbeing and participation in constructive recreational and extracurricular activities such as organized sports ; and (c) risk factors for substance use such as unsupervised idle hours, party life‐style and peer substance use .…”

Section: Primary Prevention In Icelandmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Population trends in smoking, alcohol use and primary prevention variables among adolescents in Iceland, 1997–2014

et al. 2016

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 79%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Primary Prevention In Icelandmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Population trends in smoking, alcohol use and primary prevention variables among adolescents in Iceland, 1997–2014

et al. 2016

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“…This should be combined with after school programs that provide young people with supervision and structure after school, as well as opportunities to identify adult role models in the community. Other countries, such as Iceland, have had some success in reducing rates of substance use in adolescence through combined social support, adult supervision, work, and sports programs (Sigfusdottir, Kristjansson, Gudmundsdottir, & Allegrante, 2011; Sigfusdottir, Kristjansson, Thorlindsson, & Allegrante, 2008). …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A qualitative study of methamphetamine initiation in Cape Town, South Africa

Hobkirk

Watt

Myers

et al. 2016

International Journal of Drug Policy

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Background Despite a significant rise in methamphetamine use in low- and middle-income countries, there has been little empirical examination of the factors that contribute to individuals’ initiation of methamphetamine use in these settings. The goal of this study was to qualitatively examine factors associated with methamphetamine initiation in South Africa. Methods In-depth interviews were conducted with 30 active methamphetamine users (13 women and 17 men) in Cape Town, South Africa. Interviews included narrative descriptions of the circumstances surrounding methamphetamine initiation. Interviews were audio recorded, transcribed, and translated. Transcripts were analyzed with document memos, data display matrices, and a constant comparison technique to identify themes. Results On average, participants began regularly using methamphetamine around age 21 and had used for seven years. Four major themes emerged related to the initiation of methamphetamine use. The prevalence of methamphetamine users and distributors made the drug convenient and highly accessible to first time users. Methamphetamine has increased in popularity and is considered “trendy”, which contributes to social pressure from friends, and less often, family members to initiate use. Initiation is further fueled by a lack of opportunities for recreation and employment, which leads to boredom and curiosity about the rumored positive effects of the drug. Young people also turn to methamphetamine use and distribution through gang membership as an attempt to generate income in impoverished communities with limited economic opportunities. Finally, participants described initiating methamphetamine as a means of coping with the cumulative stress and psychological burden provoked by the high rates of violence and crime in areas of Cape Town. Conclusion The findings highlight the complex nature of methamphetamine initiation in low- and middle-income countries like South Africa. There is a need for community-level interventions to address the availability and perceived normality of methamphetamine use, and to provide young people opportunities for recreation. On an individual level, addressing mental health and misconceptions about the dangers and benefits of methamphetamine could ameliorate willingness for initiation. Potential points of intervention include mass media campaigns and school-based interventions to raise awareness of the physical and social impacts of methamphetamine, and structural interventions to create safer neighborhoods, provide opportunities for employment and recreation, and expand mental health services to improve emotional health and coping skills.

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“…Hasta este punto y por muchos años, Islandia había estado usando métodos tradicionales de prevención del uso de sustancias, específicamente, programas educacionales y de instrucción individuales, desde los colegios, con la meta de educar o guiar a los jóvenes para que no iniciaran el uso de sustancias (Palsdottir, 2003;Sigfusdottir, Thorlindsson, Kristjansson, Roe, & Allegrante, 2009). En respuesta a las alarmantes tasas de consumo adolescente de sustancias en los años '90, y con financiamiento del gobierno de Islandia y la Municipalidad de Reykjavik, un grupo de tomadores de decisiones de políticas públicas, líderes administrativos, autoridades elegidas, y científicos sociales, se juntaron para iniciar un nuevo método colaborativo, impulsado desde las bases sociales para prevenir el uso de sustancias, que se ha hecho conocido como el Modelo Islandés de Prevención (Sigfusdottir et al, 2009;Sigfusdottir, Kristjansson, Gudmundsdottir, & Allegrante, 2011).…”

Section: Contextounclassified

Principios Directrices y Desarrollo del Modelo Islandés para la Prevención del Uso de Sustancias en Adolescentes

Kristjánsson

Mann

Sigfússon

et al. 2020

Health Promotion Practice

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Resumen El uso de sustancias por los adolescentes (i.e. el consumo de alcohol, tabaco, y otras drogas), persiste como un problema global, y se mantiene como un desafío para nuestras sociedades y autoridades de salud pública. Como respuesta a las altas tasas de uso de sustancias en adolescentes en los años ‘90, en Islandia han sido pioneros en el desarrollo del Modelo Islandés Para la Prevención Primaria del Uso de Substancias – un método basado en la teoría y evidencia científica que ha demostrado su efectividad en bajar los niveles de consumo en Islandia en los últimos 20 años. Para documentar este método e informar sobre los procesos basados-en-la-práctica que puedan ayudar en establecer este modelo en otros países, describimos esquemáticamente en esta serie de dos partes la teoría, antecedentes, principios directrices del método, y los pasos centrales en la implementación exitosa del modelo. En este artículo describimos los antecedentes y contexto necesarios, la orientación teórica, el desarrollo del método, y brevemente revisamos los hallazgos y datos publicados. Adicionalmente, presentamos los cinco principios guía en los que se basa el método del Modelo de Prevención Islandés para la prevención del uso de sustancias en adolescentes, y discutimos la evidencia acumulada que apoya la efectividad del modelo. En el siguiente artículo, parte 2, identificamos y describimos procesos clave en el modelo y los diez pasos centrales de la implementación efectiva y basada en la práctica de este modelo.

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Substance use prevention through school and community-based health promotion: a transdisciplinary approach from Iceland

Cited by 35 publications

References 15 publications

Population trends in smoking, alcohol use and primary prevention variables among adolescents in Iceland, 1997–2014

Population trends in smoking, alcohol use and primary prevention variables among adolescents in Iceland, 1997–2014

A qualitative study of methamphetamine initiation in Cape Town, South Africa

Principios Directrices y Desarrollo del Modelo Islandés para la Prevención del Uso de Sustancias en Adolescentes

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