Substance use in the US college-age population: differences according to educational status and living arrangement.

Gfroerer, Joseph; Greenblatt, Janet C.; Wright, Douglas A.

doi:10.2105/ajph.87.1.62

Cited by 191 publications

(155 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Variation in smoking behavior during young adulthood refl ects mostly preexisting differences in smoking rates and educational characteristics already established during adolescence. The prevalence of smoking, including daily smoking, is highest among high school dropouts and young adults who are not attending college (Bachman et al, 1997a;Gfroerer et al, 1997;Gilman et al, 2008;White et al, 2005White et al, , 2009). The present study examined the association between alcohol, tobacco, and marijuana misuse across the young adult years and previously identifi ed multidimensional pathways to adulthood, defi ned by the intersection of school attendance, employment, marriage, and parenthood.…”

Section: Substance Use In Young Adulthoodmentioning

confidence: 99%

Men's and Women's Pathways to Adulthood and Associated Substance Misuse

Oesterle¹,

Hawkins²,

Hill³

2011

J. Stud. Alcohol Drugs

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ABSTRACT. Objective: Social role transitions have been linked to changes in substance use and misuse during young adulthood. This study examined how commonly observed pathways to adulthood, defi ned by education, employment, marriage, and parenthood, were associated with alcohol, tobacco, and marijuana misuse from ages 18 to 33. Method: Data came from a longitudinal panel of 412 men and 396 women recruited when they were in fi fth grade in Seattle public schools in 1985. Participants were followed through age 33 in 2008, with 92% retention. Results: Young adults who had little postsecondary education and remained unmarried through age 30 generally had the highest rates of substance misuse. Those who were involved in postsecondary education and postponed family formation had the lowest rates, particularly with respect to daily smoking and nicotine dependence. Parenting during the young adult years was associated with lower rates of substance misuse for both men and women. However, taking on parenting responsibilities early, during the late teen years and early 20s (observed mostly for women), was associated with higher rates of tobacco misuse. Differences in substance misuse by pathways to adulthood were fairly constant across the young adulthood years and were already observed at age 18, suggesting that substance misuse patterns are established early. Conclusions: Young adults may change their substance use only partially in response to new freedoms and responsibilities in young adulthood. Preventive efforts should include a focus on early initiation of substance use and educational experiences that move people into life trajectories and associated substance misuse patterns. (J. Stud. Alcohol Drugs, 72,

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Section: Substance Use In Young Adulthoodmentioning

confidence: 99%

Men's and Women's Pathways to Adulthood and Associated Substance Misuse

Oesterle¹,

Hawkins²,

Hill³

2011

J. Stud. Alcohol Drugs

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“…Several variables have been examined as to why context infl uences alcohol consumption. Factors such as ethnicity (Nyaronga et al, 2009), gender (Herd and Grube, 1993), lack of supervision (Wells et al, 2005), and living arrangement (Gfroerer et al, 1997;Valliant and Scanlan, 1996;Ward and Gryczynski, 2009) are associated with different contexts of heavier drinking in college. A number of contexts have been examined in relation to alcohol consumption and negative consequences, including home, non-fraternity/sorority parties, fraternity/sorority parties, bars, and sporting events.…”

Section: Drinking Contextsmentioning

confidence: 99%

They Drink How Much and Where? Normative Perceptions by Drinking Contexts and Their Association to College Students'Alcohol Consumption

Lewis¹,

Litt²,

Blayney³

et al. 2011

J. Stud. Alcohol Drugs

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ABSTRACT. Objective: Prior research has shown that normative perceptions of others' drinking behavior strongly relates to one's own drinking behavior. Most research examining the perceived drinking of others has generally focused on specifi city of the normative referent (i.e., gender, ethnicity). The present study expands the research literature on social norms by examining normative perceptions by various drinking contexts. Specifi cally, this research aimed to determine if college students overestimate peer drinking by several drinking contexts (i.e., bar, fraternity/sorority party, non-fraternity/sorority party, sporting event) and to examine whether normative perceptions for drinking by contexts relate to one's own drinking behavior specifi c to these contexts. Method: Students (N = 1,468; 56.4% female) participated in a web-based survey by completing measures assessing drinking behavior and perceived descriptive drinking norms for various contexts. Results: Findings demonstrated that students consistently overestimated the drinking behavior for the typical same-sex student in various drinking contexts, with the most prominent being fraternity/sorority parties. In addition, results indicated that same-sex normative perceptions for drinking by contexts were associated with personal drinking behavior within these contexts. Conclusions: Results stress the importance of specifi city of social norms beyond those related to the normative referent. Clinical implications are discussed in terms of preventions and intervention efforts as well as risks associated with drinking in a novel context. (J. Stud. Alcohol Drugs, 72,

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“…Information concerning the prevalence and correlates associated with the nonmedical use of prescription benzodiazepine anxiolytics among U.S. college students remains very limited as compared to what is known about heavy drinking and other drug use behaviors (e.g., Bell et al, 1997;Gfroerer et al, 1997;Johnston et al, 2003a;O'Malley and Johnston, 2002;Strote et al, 2002;Wechsler et al, 2002). To date, most college-based studies that have examined prescription drug abuse have focused on the nonmedical use of prescription stimulants such as methylphenidate (e.g., Babcock and Byrne, 2000;Low and Gendaszek, 2002;Teter et al, 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Correlates of nonmedical use of prescription benzodiazepine anxiolytics: results from a national survey of U.S. college students

McCabe

2005

Drug and Alcohol Dependence

112

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This study examined the prevalence and correlates associated with the nonmedical use of prescription benzodiazepine anxiolytics among U.S. college students. This study analyzed data from a nationally representative sample of 10,904 randomly selected students attending 119, 4-year U.S. colleges in 2001. The lifetime prevalence of nonmedical prescription benzodiazepine anxiolytic use was 7.8%, past year prevalence was 4.5% and past month was 1.6%. Past year rates of nonmedical use of prescription anxiolytics ranged from zero percent at the lowest use schools to 20% at the highest use school. Multivariate regression analyses indicated nonmedical use was more likely to occur among college students who were White, had both male and female sex partners and reported higher rates of substance use and other risky behaviors. In addition, nonmedical use of prescription benzodiazepine anxiolytics was less likely to occur among college students who attended college in the North Central region of the U.S. or historically black colleges and universities (HBCUs). This study provides evidence that the nonmedical use of prescription benzodiazepine anxiolytics represents a problem on some college campuses and among certain subgroups of U.S. college students. These findings have important implications for developing prevention efforts aimed at reducing the nonmedical use of prescription benzodiazepine anxiolytics among college students while not hindering the effective clinical treatment for various anxiety disorders.

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Substance use in the US college-age population: differences according to educational status and living arrangement.

Cited by 191 publications

References 6 publications

Men's and Women's Pathways to Adulthood and Associated Substance Misuse

Men's and Women's Pathways to Adulthood and Associated Substance Misuse

They Drink How Much and Where? Normative Perceptions by Drinking Contexts and Their Association to College Students'Alcohol Consumption

Correlates of nonmedical use of prescription benzodiazepine anxiolytics: results from a national survey of U.S. college students

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