Substance Use and Diagnostic Characteristics that Differentiate Smoking and Nonsmoking Adolescents in a Psychiatric Setting

Psychological, peer, and family influences on smoking among an adolescent psychiatric sample

“…Although this finding was inconsistent with longitudinal studies documenting a positive association between depression and adolescent smoking, several studies have found that the size of the relationship is diminished when accounting for common confounding factors (Duncan & Rees, 2005; Fergusson, et al, 2003; Prinstein & La Greca, 2009). Additionally, one of the few studies examining smoking outcomes in a sample of psychiatrically hospitalized adolescents similarly failed to find a significant association between depression and smoking (Ramsey, et al, 2003). Current study findings suggest that severity of conduct problems, but not depression, was a significant risk factor for smoking among adolescents presenting for inpatient hospitalization.…”

“…Both cross-sectional analyses and longitudinal studies have found depression to be a risk factor for as well as a result of smoking (Brown, et al, 1996; Simons-Morton, 2002; Windle & Windle, 2001). Similarly, conduct problems have been found to increase an adolescent’s risk of early smoking initiation, current smoking, and the development of nicotine dependence (Chilcoat & Breslau, 1999; Lambert & Hartsough, 1998; Milberger, Biederman, Faraone, Chen, & Jones, 1997; Ramsey et al, 2003; Riggs, Mikulich, Whitmore, & Crowley, 1999; Upadhyaya, et al, 2003). …”

“…Several studies have examined rates of smoking among adolescent psychiatric inpatients, but have not examined the predictive effects of other salient factors (Ramsey, et al, 2002; Ramsey, et al, 2003; Upadhyaya, et al, 2003). Thus, this paper examines how psychological, peer and family factors influence current cigarette use and initiation of use in adolescents upon psychiatric inpatient admission as well as at 18 months following hospitalization.…”

Effects on substance use outcomes in adolescents receiving motivational interviewing for smoking cessation during psychiatric hospitalization

“…For example, among adolescents in substance abuse treatment, the majority of youth (66–85%) report currently smoking (Chun, Guydish, & Chan, 2007; Myers & Brown, 1994). Similarly, among smoking adolescents in an inpatient psychiatric treatment program, 74% also met criteria for an alcohol and/or drug use disorder (Ramsey et al, 2003). Prospective studies have demonstrated that smoking increases the risk for the onset of a substance use disorder among adolescents (Brook, Brook, Zhang, Cohen, & Whiteman, 2002; Mathers, Toumbourou, Catalano, Williams, & Patton, 2006).…”

Tobacco use and psychiatric comorbidity among adolescents in substance abuse treatment

“…Moreover, not only did the percentage of the sample reporting current tobacco use remain stable, the frequency of use increased significantly, even after taking into account time spent in controlled environments where smoking may be prohibited or restricted for adolescents. Although associations between tobacco use and comorbid psychiatric disorders as well as tobacco use and alcohol and drug use are well documented in the research literature (Brook, Schuster, & Zhang, 2004;Brown et al, 1996;Fergusson, Lynskey, & Horwood, 1996;Kandel & Davies, 1986;Lewinsohn et al, 1999;Patton et al, 2006;Ramsey et al, 2003), examination of the association of psychiatric comorbidity with tobacco use among adolescent Note. Values are expressed as adjusted ORs (95% confidence intervals).…”