Substance use among individuals with intellectual disabilities living independently in Flanders

Swerts, Chris; Vandevelde, Stijn; VanDerNagel, Joanne; Vanderplasschen, Wouter; Claes, Claudia; Maeyer, Jessica De

doi:10.1016/j.ridd.2016.03.019

Cited by 19 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…35 However, a recent study among patients with mild/moderate intellectual disability in Belgium reported non-problematic substance use to be comparable with substance use in the general population. 36 In our study, we found that the likelihood of substance use increased with higher IQ within the 22q11DS group, although this effect was small. At present, not much is known about prevalence and risk factors for substance use in non-deleted adults with intellectual disability, 37 complicating interpretation of these findings.…”

Section: Vingerhoets Et Alcontrasting

confidence: 46%

Low prevalence of substance use in people with 22q11.2 deletion syndrome

et al. 2019

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Background22q11.2 deletion syndrome (22q11DS), one of the most common recurrent copy number variant disorders, is associated with dopaminergic abnormalities and increased risk for psychotic disorders.AimsGiven the elevated prevalence of substance use and dopaminergic abnormalities in non-deleted patients with psychosis, we investigated the prevalence of substance use in 22q11DS, compared with that in non-deleted patients with psychosis and matched healthy controls.MethodThis cross-sectional study involved 434 patients with 22q11DS, 265 non-deleted patients with psychosis and 134 healthy controls. Psychiatric diagnosis, full-scale IQ and COMT Val158Met genotype were determined in the 22q11DS group. Substance use data were collected according to the Composite International Diagnostic Interview.ResultsThe prevalence of total substance use (36.9%) and substance use disorders (1.2%), and weekly amounts of alcohol and nicotine use, in patients with 22q11DS was significantly lower than in non-deleted patients with psychosis or controls. Compared with patients with 22q11DS, healthy controls were 20 times more likely to use substances in general (P < 0.001); results were also significant for alcohol and nicotine use separately. Within the 22q11DS group, there was no relationship between the prevalence of substance use and psychosis or COMT genotype. Male patients with 22q11DS were more likely to use substances than female patients with 22q11DS.ConclusionsThe results suggest that patients with 22q11DS are at decreased risk for substance use and substance use disorders despite the increased risk of psychotic disorders. Further research into neurobiological and environmental factors involved in substance use in 22q11DS is necessary to elucidate the mechanisms involved.Declaration of interestNone.

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Section: Vingerhoets Et Alcontrasting

confidence: 46%

Low prevalence of substance use in people with 22q11.2 deletion syndrome

et al. 2019

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“…Moreover, demographic and contextual factors were of little relevance to the final models in which substance picture recognition, knowledge, attitude and modeling were added. Substance related knowledge was significantly higher in users compared to non-users of illicit substances, but not in users of licit substances, as was found in the Flemish SumID-Q study (Swerts et al 2017). For all substances, substance related positive attitudes and SU modeling were associated with an increase in SU likelihood, as previous studies in MBID found for smoking and drinking (Emerson et al 2016;Swerts et al 2017;Whitaker and Hughes 2003).…”

Section: Su Picture Recognition Knowledge Attitudes and Modeling Asupporting

confidence: 66%

“…Therefore, we assessed SU rates and risks in individuals with MBID in several Dutch ID services. In our sample, the rates of current smoking (62%), current cannabis and other illicit drug use (15%), but not drinking (64%) were very high, given the SU rates in the Dutch general population (past month tobacco use ≈ 25%, alcohol use ≈ 77%, cannabis use ≈ 5%, stimulant use <1%) (Van Laar and (Swerts et al 2017), all SU rates seem rather high, but illicit drug use in our study stands out. This may be explained by higher levels of use and willingness to disclose such use, related the Dutch cannabis policies (i.e., users are seldomly prosecuted) that mislead some individuals with MBID to think cannabis use is legal in the Netherlands (VanDerNagel et al 2013.…”

Section: Su Picture Recognition Knowledge Attitudes and Modeling Asupporting

confidence: 37%

“…On the other hand, in several community based samples only 1% had a SUD diagnosis (Cooper et al 2007;Taggart et al 2006). As to SU, in a Belgian study in 123 individuals with MBID living independently, 48% smoked, 46% drank alcohol, and 2% used illicit substances in the past month (Swerts et al 2017). Smoking rates in other community based samples of adults with ID, were much lower, for instance 1.9% in social education centers (Whitaker and Hughes 2003), and 9.3% in attenders at day care centers (Taylor et al 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Substance Use in Individuals with Mild to Borderline Intellectual Disability: an Exploration of Rates and Risks in the Netherlands

VanDerNagel

Kiewik

Didden

et al. 2017

Adv Neurodev Disord

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Little is known about rates and risk factors of substance use (SU) in individuals with mild to borderline intellectual disabilities (MBID,. This hinders targeted prevention and treatment. In this study we assessed SU rates and risk factors in individuals with MBID in 419 adults (63% male, average IQ = 66) in 16 Dutch disability services. Lifetime and current SU, SU picture recognition, knowledge, attitudes and modeling were assessed with the Substance use and misuse in Intellectual Disability -Questionnaire (SumID-Q). Lifetime licit SU (alcohol and tobacco) was 97%, lifetime illicit SU (predominantly cannabis) was 50%. Current users of tobacco (62%), alcohol (64%), and cannabis (15%) initiated SU at a younger age than those who desisted SU (ps < .001). Participants with mild ID and those with borderline ID did not differ in SU rates (ps .429-.812), or age at SU initiation (ps .221-.853). Current licit SU and lifetime illicit SU were related to male gender, younger age, and (for smoking and stimulant use) to lack of daytime activities. However, these factors did not contribute to multivariate models when recognition, knowledge, attitudes and modeling were added. The models correctly identified current SU in 84% (smoking) and 74% (drinking), and lifetime SU in 76% (cannabis) and 84% (stimulants) of the participants. As almost all participants reported lifetime use of licit, and about half reported lifetime illicit substance use, systematic screening for substance use, and development of preventative and treatment interventions targeted to this group are needed.

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“…[45] Recent studies among individuals with ID in Canada and Belgium reported a significantly higher prevalence of SUD compared to the general population. [67] This may be due to a relatively high risk of abuse, dependency,[8] and severe adverse consequences[9] even after initial use among these individuals. Moreover, substance use in individuals with ID is known to be a known risk factor for anxiety/depression, intrusive thoughts, and aggressive and antisocial behavior.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Substance Use Disorder in People with Intellectual Disabilities: Current Challenges in Low- and Middle-Income Countries

Lakhan

Sagiraju

Ekúndayò

et al. 2019

Journal of Neurosciences in Rural Practice

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Use of illegal and prescription drugs has significantly increased in recent years all over the world in most populations. Greater worldwide awareness in this regard has substantially improved the epidemiological understanding of substance use, its risk factors, and impact on life. People with intellectual disabilities constitute 0.5%–1.5% of the world’s population. It can be conjectured that they might be experiencing similar or even a greater burden of substance use in their lives. This article highlights some important aspects of substance use among this population in low- and middle-income countries that need urgent attention.

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Substance use among individuals with intellectual disabilities living independently in Flanders

Cited by 19 publications

References 41 publications

Low prevalence of substance use in people with 22q11.2 deletion syndrome

Low prevalence of substance use in people with 22q11.2 deletion syndrome

Substance Use in Individuals with Mild to Borderline Intellectual Disability: an Exploration of Rates and Risks in the Netherlands

Substance Use Disorder in People with Intellectual Disabilities: Current Challenges in Low- and Middle-Income Countries

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