Submarine Groundwater Discharge to a High-Energy Surf Zone at Stinson Beach, California, Estimated Using Radium Isotopes

Sieyes, Nicholas R. de; Yamahara, Kevan M.; Paytan, Adina; Boehm, Alexandria B.

doi:10.1007/s12237-010-9305-2

Cited by 13 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…This range is similar to calculated SGD fluxes (b1-43 L min − 1 m −1 ) at other beaches in California with similar geology and oceanographic conditions as mentioned in the introduction (Boehm et al, 2006;de Sieyes et al, 2011;Null et al, 2012). The water mass residence times at different locations in the bay are important because rapid exchange and mixing (shorter residence time)…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

“…Francisco Bay (Boehm et al, 2006;de Sieyes et al, 2011;Null et al, 2012). In these locations, SGD is a source of nutrients to the coastal ocean water, although its importance relative to other nutrient sources is unclear.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In these locations, SGD is a source of nutrients to the coastal ocean water, although its importance relative to other nutrient sources is unclear. Most of the SGD at these sites is re-circulated seawater (Boehm et al, 2006;de Sieyes et al, 2011;Null et al, 2012). No previous studies have evaluated the role of SGD as a source of nutrients to large open bays with natural nutrient inputs from upwelling processes, typical of Eastern Boundary Current Systems.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Submarine groundwater discharge in Northern Monterey Bay, California: Evaluation by mixing and mass balance models

2016

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Submarine groundwater discharge in Northern Monterey Bay, California: Evaluation by mixing and mass balance models

2016

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“…In addition to daily variations in SGD associated with tidal cycles, field studies have documented variations in SGD on spring-neap [Robinson et al, 2007a;de Sieyes et al, 2008de Sieyes et al, , 2010Santos et al, 2009b], seasonal [Michael et al, 2005;de Sieyes et al, 2010;Gonneea et al, 2013b], and interannual [Anderson and Emanuel, 2010;Gonneea et al, 2013a] time scales. Storms can also cause significant groundwater exchange in submarine groundwater flow systems [Moore and Wilson, 2005;Hu et al, 2006;Smith et al, 2008;Santos et al, 2009a;Wilson et al, 2011;Xin et al, 2014].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

What time scales are important for monitoring tidally influenced submarine groundwater discharge? Insights from a salt marsh

Wilson

Evans

Moore

et al. 2015

Water Resources Research

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Submarine groundwater discharge (SGD) varies significantly across time scales ranging from hours to years, but studies that allow quantitative comparisons between different time scales are few. Most of these studies have focused on beach settings, where the combined variations in fresh and saline SGD can be difficult to interpret. We calculated variations in saline SGD based on a 1 year record of hydraulic head in a salt marsh, where we could isolate variations in saline, tidally driven SGD. Observed SGD varied by an order of magnitude over the course of the year. Groundwater discharge was proportional to tidal amplitude and varied by at least a factor of 2 between spring and neap tides. Monthly average SGD was inversely proportional to average sea level; it increased by nearly a factor of 2 as sea level declined by 50 cm from late summer to late winter. This variation was far larger than that predicted by analytic models, owing to the flat topography and inundation of the marsh platform. The effect of short-term (days) variations in sea level associated with wind events and storms was small in comparison. SGD is probably proportional to tidal amplitude in nearly all coastal settings, including beaches. Seasonal variations in sea level may not affect the volume of SGD as significantly in coastal settings where the slope of the intertidal zone is relatively constant, but such variations have the potential to strongly affect the composition of SGD.

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“…The effects of land-based processes on coastal water quality, such as terrestrial runoff (Ahn et al, 2005;Reifel et al, 2009) and groundwater discharge (Valiela et al, 1990;Lee and Kim, 2007;de Sieyes et al, 2011) have been well documented. The present work aims to understand how oceanographic processes on the continental shelf affect surf zone water quality.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coupled physical, chemical, and microbiological measurements suggest a connection between internal waves and surf zone water quality in the Southern California Bight

Wong

Santoro

Nidzieko

et al. 2012

Continental Shelf Research

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Internal waves have been implicated in the cross-shore transport of scalars such as larvae, nutrients, and pollutants at locations around the world. The present study combines physical measurements with a comprehensive set of surf zone water quality measurements to evaluate the possible impact of cross-shore internal wave transport on surf zone water quality during two study periods. An array of oceanographic moorings was deployed in the summer of 2005 and 2006 at 10-20 m depth offshore of the beach to observe internal waves. Concurrently, surf zone water quality was assessed twice daily at night at an adjacent station (Huntington State Beach) by measuring concentration of phosphate, dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN), silicate, chlorophyll a, fecal indicator bacteria (FIB), and the human-specific fecal DNA marker in Bacteroidales. The baroclinic component accounted for about 30% of the total variance in water column velocity, indicating the importance of density-driven flow during the summer when the water column was stratified. Arrival of cold subthermocline water in the very nearshore (within 1 km of the surf zone) was characterized by strong baroclinic onshore flow near the bottom of the water column. The near bottom, baroclinic, cross-shore current was significantly lag-correlated with the near bottom temperature data along a cross-shore transect towards shore, demonstrating shoreward transport of cold subthermocline water. Wavelet analysis of temperature data showed that non-stationary temperature fluctuations were correlated with buoyancy frequency and the near bottom cross-shore baroclinic current. During periods of large temperature fluctuations, the majority of the variance was within the semi-diurnal band; however, the diurnal and high frequency bands also contained a substantial fraction of total variance. The bottom cross-shore baroclinic current was proposed as a proxy for shoreward transport potential by internal waves and was positively correlated with phosphate concentration in both years, silicate in 2005, and fecal indicator bacteria measurements in 2006. The results suggest internal waves are an important transport mechanism of nutrient-rich subthermocline water to the very nearshore in the Southern California Bight, and may facilitate the transport of FIB into the surf zone or enhance persistence of land-derived FIB.

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Submarine Groundwater Discharge to a High-Energy Surf Zone at Stinson Beach, California, Estimated Using Radium Isotopes

Cited by 13 publications

References 36 publications

Submarine groundwater discharge in Northern Monterey Bay, California: Evaluation by mixing and mass balance models

Submarine groundwater discharge in Northern Monterey Bay, California: Evaluation by mixing and mass balance models

What time scales are important for monitoring tidally influenced submarine groundwater discharge? Insights from a salt marsh

Coupled physical, chemical, and microbiological measurements suggest a connection between internal waves and surf zone water quality in the Southern California Bight

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