Subglacial bedforms of the Zemgale Ice Lobe, south-eastern Baltic

Lamsters, Kristaps; Zelčs, Vitālijs

doi:10.1016/j.quaint.2014.10.006

Cited by 17 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…The deformation structure is 0.1-1.6 m wide and 0.1-1 m high. Similar deformational structures have been described on the east flank of the proglacial braided plain of Solheimajokull, southern Iceland (Heron and Etienne, 2005); the glacial sand-sheet deposits in the Tuktoyaktuk Coastlands, western Arctic Canada (Murton and Bateman, 2007); the Aizvejas sand quarry, comprising subglacial bedforms of the Zemgale Ice Lobe, south-eastern Baltic (Lamsters and Zelcs, 2015), the upper part of the Liantuo Formation of the Shennongjia at the northern margin of the Yangtze Craton (Wang et al, 2018).…”

Section: Clastic Dykessupporting

confidence: 64%

Typical Soft–Sediment Deformation Structures Induced by Freeze/Thaw Cycles: A Case Study of Quaternary Alluvial Deposits in the Northern Qiangtang Basin, Tibetan Plateau

Zhong

Jiang

et al. 2020

Acta Geologica Sinica (Eng)

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With the objective of establishing a distinction between deformation structures caused by freeze/thaw cycles and those resulting from seismic activity, we studied three well–exposed alluvial deposits in a section at Dogai Coring, northern Qiangtang Basin, Tibetan Plateau. Deformation is present in the form of plastic structures (diapirs, folds and clastic dykes), brittle structures (micro–faults) and cryogenic wedges. These soft–sediment deformation features (except the micro–faults) are mainly characterized by meter–scale, non–interlayered, low–speed and low–pressure displacements within soft sediments, most commonly in the form of plastic deformation. Taking into account the geographic setting, lithology and deformation features, we interpret these soft–sediment deformation features as the products of freeze/thaw cycles, rather than of earthquake–induced shock waves, thus reflecting regional temperature changes and fluctuations of hydrothermal conditions in the uppermost sediments. The micro–faults (close to linear hot springs) are ascribed to regional fault activity; however, we were unable to identify the nature of the micro–faults, perhaps due to disturbance by subsequent freeze/thaw cycles. This study may serve as a guide to recognizing the differences between deformation structures attributed to freeze/thaw cycles and seismic processes.

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Section: Clastic Dykessupporting

confidence: 64%

Typical Soft–Sediment Deformation Structures Induced by Freeze/Thaw Cycles: A Case Study of Quaternary Alluvial Deposits in the Northern Qiangtang Basin, Tibetan Plateau

Zhong

Jiang

et al. 2020

Acta Geologica Sinica (Eng)

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“…Drumlin compositions may vary from one drumlin field to another, and within the same field. Menzies et al, 1997;Lamsters and Zelčs, 2015) deformation structures indicate different levels of sediment mobility. Menzies and Brand, 2007) or widespread (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Menzies and Brand, 2007) or widespread (e.g. Menzies et al, 1997;Lamsters and Zelčs, 2015) deformation structures indicate different levels of sediment mobility. Multiple studies propose deformation and moulding of subglacial deposits (mainly tills) and debris-laden basal ice as the dominant process of drumlin formation (Boulton, 1987;Hart 1997;Fowler, 2000;Stokes et al, 2013a;Hopkins et al, 2016;Menzies et al, 2016;Spagnolo et al, 2016; whereas coexistence of drumlins with varying internal compositions within the same drumlin field (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An erosional origin for drumlins of NW Poland

Hermanowski

Piotrowski

Szuman

2019

Earth Surf Processes Landf

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Drumlins are landforms essential to understanding of ice sheet movement over soft beds, sediment transport along the ice/bed interface, and the formation of a wide range of glacial deposits. Although investigated more than any other glacial landform, the origin of drumlins remains contentious. Using high‐resolution LiDAR imagery and field data, we investigate the geomorphology and internal composition of one of the biggest drumlin fields in the North European Lowland. The Stargard drumlin field consists of over 1300 drumlins and related streamlined subglacial bedforms in a terminal part of a major Weichselian palaeo‐ice stream of the southern Scandinavian Ice Sheet. The drumlins are typically 600‐800 m long, 200‐250 m wide, 3‐6 m high and have axial elongation ratios ~2 but in some cases exceeding 15. Several subzones inferred from drumlin morphometry exist reflecting different ice flow dynamics. The most elongated drumlins occur in areas where ice moved down‐slope and where thick fine‐grained deposits of low hydraulic conductivity occur in the substratum. The largest portion of land occupied by drumlins and the greatest frequency density of drumlins occur where the ice moved up‐slope. Stargard drumlins are composed of a wide variety of glacial deposits including various types of tills and meltwater sediments, which range from undisturbed to heavily deformed. There is no correlation between the deposits in the drumlins and the drumlin forms indicating that the deposits pre‐date the drumlinizing process. It is suggested that the drumlin field was generated by a combination of direct glacial erosion and subglacial meltwater erosion by removing antecedent material from the inter‐drumlin areas and streamlining the resultant bumps. Our data support the search for a unifying theory of drumlin formation and suggest erosion as the most plausible single mechanism generating drumlin landscapes. © 2019 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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“…For example, Gl€ uckert (1973Gl€ uckert ( , 1987 describes drumlin fields in the central lake district of Finland that form outwards diverging flowsets along flow lines adjusted to the lobate configuration of the Younger Dryas ice-marginal zone, <100 km from that ice margin and over a single short ice streaming event. Other examples of nearmarginal streamlining include the south-east Baltic where Lamsters and Zel cs (2015) show that drumlins form flow sets that diverge towards strongly lobate ice-marginal positions, as marked by end moraine zones. More recently at M ulaj€ okull, Iceland, Johnson et al (2010) have suggested that drumlins might form at the very margin of a surging glacier.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rapid subglacial streamlined bedform formation at a calving bay margin

Dowling

Möller

Spagnolo

2016

J Quaternary Science

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Using the LiDAR‐derived Swedish national height model we have identified previously undescribed shallow streamlined glacial bedforms, small‐scale drumlins, on the Närke plain in south‐central Sweden. These drumlins could only be detected with high‐resolution LiDAR, due to both their subtle size and forest cover. In this area the ice margin receded in a subaqueous environment with a proglacial water depth in the order of 100 m during the last deglaciation. As indicated by the configuration of marginally formed De Geer moraine ridges draping the drumlinoids, the receding ice margin formed deeply indented calving bays. These were located around subaqueous outlets of the subglacial melt‐water drainage, with their apex position marked geomorphologically by beaded esker ridges. The mapped small‐scale drumlins are aligned perpendicular to the reconstructed ice sheet margin and suggest formation along flow lines adjusted to the configuration of these calving embayments as they propagated up‐flow with ice margin retreat. Based on these geometric relationships we argue that the emplacement of the drumlins was near‐marginal, ∼7.7–1 km from the margin, on a short timescale (∼5–35 years).

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Subglacial bedforms of the Zemgale Ice Lobe, south-eastern Baltic

Cited by 17 publications

References 54 publications

Typical Soft–Sediment Deformation Structures Induced by Freeze/Thaw Cycles: A Case Study of Quaternary Alluvial Deposits in the Northern Qiangtang Basin, Tibetan Plateau

Typical Soft–Sediment Deformation Structures Induced by Freeze/Thaw Cycles: A Case Study of Quaternary Alluvial Deposits in the Northern Qiangtang Basin, Tibetan Plateau

An erosional origin for drumlins of NW Poland

Rapid subglacial streamlined bedform formation at a calving bay margin

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