Subestimación de la mortalidad causada por el tránsito en México:análisis subnacional

Abstract

412salud pública de méxico / vol. 58, no. 4, julio-agosto de 2016 Pérez-Núñez R y col. Subestimación de la mortalidad causada por el tránsito en México: análisis subnacionalRicardo Pérez-Núñez, D en CS, (1) Mariana G Mojarro-Íñiguez, MC Part, M en CS, (2) Ma. Eulalia Mendoza-García, L en Soc,Sergio Rodrigo Rosas-Osuna, MC Part, M en Admon Sist Salud, (1) Martha Híjar, D en C.((1) Secretariado Técnico del Consejo Nacional para la Prevención de Accidentes. México, Distrito Federal.(2) Investigadora independiente. Resumen Objetivo. Estimar la potencial subestimación de la mortalidad por lesiones de tránsito en las entidades federativas de México para un periodo de 15 años. Se buscó identificar variables sociales y económicas de cada entidad federativa que pudieran estar potencialmente asociadas con la calidad de la clasificación estadística de las defunciones. Material y métodos. Análisis secundario de bases de mortalidad, periodo 1999-2013. Mediante modelos de imputación múl-tiple, se identificaron los registros que pudieran ser muertes atribuidas al tránsito y se realizó un análisis de correlación simple. Resultados. La subestimación de defunciones por lesiones de tránsito durante el periodo fue de 18.85%, con importantes variaciones por entidad federativa. No hubo evidencia de que existiera asociación de alguna variable con el porcentaje de subestimación de la mortalidad. Conclusiones. La clasificación de la mortalidad es diferente en las entidades federativas. Esta información es de gran utilidad para focalizar intervenciones que permitan mejorar el registro de las defunciones en el país. AbstractObjective. To estimate the potential underestimation of mortality from traffic injuries at the subnational level in Mexico for a period of 15 years and to identify social and economic variables at the state level that could potentially be associated with the quality of statistical classification of deaths. Materials and methods. Secondary analysis of validated mortality databases for the period 1999-2013 was conducted. Using multiple imputation models, registries that could potentially be attributed to road traffic deaths were estimated and the potential underestimation of mortality due to this external cause was quantified. A simple correlation analysis was carried out. Results. The potential underestimation of deaths from traffic injuries during the period was 18.85% at the national level, with significant variations by state. From the data analyzed, there was no statistical evidence of any association of the percentage of road traffic deaths underestimation with the variables analyzed. Conclusions. Performance in terms of mortality classification is different at the state level in Mexico. This information is useful for targeting interventions to improve the recording of deaths in the country.

Avances en México a la mitad del Decenio de Acción para la Seguridad Vial 2011–2020

“…The data presented here do not recall previous exercises on the underestimation of road traffic mortality, thus the results presented here should be taken with caution 11 , 12 . For example, the results presented in this paper show that Veracruz is fulfilling its established goal, when in fact the actual value could be higher than observed given the large number of deaths allocated to unspecified codes or “garbage codes”.…”

“…The first one is due to actions linked to the Mexican Road Safety Initiative which have been set since 2008 in Mexico, before the Decade of Action, which could have affected the trend that was observed in the previous period and influenced the establishment of national and state goals. The second one is due to the decrease observed in 2007, which, as documented 11 , 12 , could be more related to problems in the recording of information that affected this year than to a real decrease in mortality.…”

“…We took into account the place where the death occurred, which might not be the same as where the traffic event took place. Although the mortality database is considered by the WHO to be very good 10 , there are problems regarding the classification of deaths in unspecified codes that suggest the possibility that the real magnitude of the RTI issue may be underestimated 11 , 12 . In a minimal percentage of cases (0.07% of the cases in the period), the month of death was not recorded; this percentage was highest in 1999 (0.47%).…”

External cause injuries in the emergency department of a hospital over a five-year perio

“…The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates they represent the leading cause of death among young people of 15 to 29 years of age. 5,6 In Spain, approximately 10 % of hospitalizations between 2004 and 2008 were calculated to derive from ECIs associated with the use of motor vehicles. 7 One study carried out in Colombia found that, between January 2004 and December 2007, there were 12 148 patients with ECI, out of which 37.1 % were younger than 18 years; when the injury occurred in the street, 29 % of injured were pedestrians, 44.3 % were drivers and 24.1 %, passengers.…”

Validación del Brief Pedestrian Behavior Questionnaire en una muestra de estudiantes mexicanos

“…En México, las LTC son la quinta causa de muerte prematura más frecuente (Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, 2016). Cada año se registran 16 mil defunciones por LTC en nuestro país, de las cuales 4,364 corresponden a peatones (Secretariado Técnico del Consejo Nacional para la Prevención de Accidentes, 2016), pese a los datos, se estima que la cifra podría ser mayor (Pérez, Híjar, Celis e Hidalgo, 2012;Pérez, Mojarro, Mendoza, Rosas e Híjar, 2016).…”