Subacute Sclerosing Panencephalitis Presenting with Isolated Positive Psychotic and Catatonic Symptoms

Parmar, Arpit; Ranjan, Rajeev; Sagar, Rajesh

doi:10.4103/0253-7176.211756

Cited by 8 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…There have been very few case reports from India where catatonic symptoms, schizophrenic symptoms, depressive symptoms and mood lability have been reported in the initial phase of the illness [7][8][9][10][11][12]. This case highlights the need to keep a differential of viral encephalitis, especially when a child presents with catatonia along with myoclonus.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Case of Subacute Sclerosing Pan-Encephalitis (SSPE) presenting as catatonic schizophrenia

Chakraborty¹,

Chatterjee²,

Bhattacharyya³

et al. 2021

Journal of Indian Association for Child and Adolescent Mental H

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Case of Subacute Sclerosing Pan-Encephalitis (SSPE) presenting as catatonic schizophrenia

Chakraborty¹,

Chatterjee²,

Bhattacharyya³

et al. 2021

Journal of Indian Association for Child and Adolescent Mental H

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“…Actinomyces [24] Bartonella henselae and other species (cat scratch disease, bartonellosis) [25][26][27][28] Brucella species (brucellosis) [29] Chlamydia species [30,31] Coxiella burnetii (Q Fever and "Post-Q Fever Fatigue Syndrome") [32] Ehrlichia chaffeensis (human monocytic ehrlichiosis) [ Enterovirus [52-54] Cytomegalovirus [55][56][57] Epstein-Barr virus [58,59] Tick-borne encephalitis virus [60] Hepatitis C virus [61][62][63] Human endogenous retroviruses [64][65][66][67] H Human immunodeficiency virus [68] Human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 [69] Influenza virus [70] Measles virus [71][72][73][74][75][76] Parvovirus B19 [77,78] Poliovirus [79] Rubella [80] SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus [50, [81][82][83][84][85] West Nile virus [86,87] Parasites [88] Plasmodium species (malaria) [89,90] Babesia species (B. microti, B. duncani, other Babesia species (Babesiosis)) [91] Filaria (...…”

Section: Spirochetesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbes and Mental Illness: Past, Present, and Future

Bransfield,

Mao,

Greenberg

2023

Healthcare

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A review of the association between microbes and mental illness is performed, including the history, relevant definitions, infectious agents associated with mental illnesses, complex interactive infections, total load theory, pathophysiology, psychoimmunology, psychoneuroimmunology, clinical presentations, early-life infections, clinical assessment, and treatment. Perspectives on the etiology of mental illness have evolved from demonic possession toward multisystem biologically based models that include gene expression, environmental triggers, immune mediators, and infectious diseases. Microbes are associated with a number of mental disorders, including autism, schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, depressive disorders, and anxiety disorders, as well as suicidality and aggressive or violent behaviors. Specific microbes that have been associated or potentially associated with at least one of these conditions include Aspergillus, Babesia, Bartonella, Borna disease virus, Borrelia burgdorferi (Lyme disease), Candida, Chlamydia, coronaviruses (e.g., SARS-CoV-2), Cryptococcus neoformans, cytomegalovirus, enteroviruses, Epstein–Barr virus, hepatitis C, herpes simplex virus, human endogenous retroviruses, human immunodeficiency virus, human herpesvirus-6 (HHV-6), human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1, influenza viruses, measles virus, Mycoplasma, Plasmodium, rubella virus, Group A Streptococcus (PANDAS), Taenia solium, Toxoplasma gondii, Treponema pallidum (syphilis), Trypanosoma, and West Nile virus. Recognition of the microbe and mental illness association with the development of greater interdisciplinary research, education, and treatment options may prevent and reduce mental illness morbidity, disability, and mortality.

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“…[7]. However, several atypical presentations are also noted [8][9][10][11]. Post-measles neurological complications include acute encephalitis, measles inclusion body encephalitis, acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM), and SSPE.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electroencephalography Patterns of Subacute Sclerosing Panencephalitis

Ali¹,

Kumar²,

Ullah³

et al. 2021

Cureus

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Introduction and background: This article explores the electroencephalography (EEG) pattern in patients of suspected subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE) visiting Lady Reading Hospital, Peshawar. Pakistan has a huge deficit of research culture, and limited studies are done on this topic. This study concluded that a typical pattern is the most common EEG pattern, although atypical and normal EEG patterns were also observed. It is worth inclusion into the existing literature and may be used for future literature review of similar studies done elsewhere in Pakistan to give a wider perspective comprised of a larger sample sizeintegrating all studies.Objective: To determine the frequency of different patterns of EEG (typical, atypical, and normal) in SSPE patients.Methodology: Seventy-seven patients of both male and female genders between ages one to 20 years, who were diagnosed with SSPE, were included in the study. Dyken's criteria were used to diagnose the patients. A prior history of previous measles infection with signs and symptoms suggestive of SSPE and positive antimeasles IgG antibodies in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) was found in all the patients included in the study. Besides this, typical EEG patterns and raised CSF globulin levels were also used for confirmation of the diagnosis. All the patients fulfilling the above criteria and presenting to the neurology department of Lady Reading Hospital, Peshawar, from February 1, 2019, to November 30, 2019, were included in the study. All the patients underwent the EEG monitoring in the same EEG laboratory and were reported by the same consultant with careful exclusion of any artifacts during the study.Result: There were 59 (76.62%) males and 18 (23.37%) females. The mean age was 15 ± 8.6 years, and the mean duration of symptoms was 4.79 ± 1.68 months. EEG was normal in 14 (18.18%) patients, while 63 (81.81%) patients had an abnormal EEG pattern, with a majority of 53 (84.12%) patients showing periodic delta wave complexes. Only 10 (15.87%) patients showed atypical patterns. Conclusion:Almost all the patients of SSPE showed periodic high-amplitude delta waves complexes, which usually occurs in patients with a disease duration of more than four months. However, further studies with a large sample size are needed for the confirmation of this observation.

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Subacute Sclerosing Panencephalitis Presenting with Isolated Positive Psychotic and Catatonic Symptoms

Cited by 8 publications

References 9 publications

Case of Subacute Sclerosing Pan-Encephalitis (SSPE) presenting as catatonic schizophrenia

Case of Subacute Sclerosing Pan-Encephalitis (SSPE) presenting as catatonic schizophrenia

Microbes and Mental Illness: Past, Present, and Future

Electroencephalography Patterns of Subacute Sclerosing Panencephalitis

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