Styrene–butadiene rubber membranes for the pervaporative separation of benzene/cyclohexane mixtures

Benguergoura, Hassiba; Moulay, Saâd

doi:10.1002/app.34105

Cited by 8 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…Membrane pervaporation (PV), as a method to separate benzene from cyclohexane, has been investigated by many researchers, − but it has not been applied in industry extensively because its cost is usually very high.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Liquid–Liquid Equilibria of Benzene + Cyclohexane + N,N-Dimethyl Acetamide + Ammonium Thiocyanate at 298.15 K and Atmospheric Pressure

Yang

Zhang

et al. 2015

J. Chem. Eng. Data

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The liquid−liquid equilibrium (LLE) data for the system of benzene + cyclohexane + N,N-dimethylacetamide (DMAc) + ammonium thiocyanate were measured experimentally at 298.15 K and atmospheric pressure. All the data were correlated by the nonrandom two liquid model and they matched well. The highest selectivity coefficients of the complex solvent (DMAc + NH 4 SCN) can reach 12.39 at 298.15 K, which is close to that of some ionic liquids. To investigate its similarity to ionic liquids, the complex solvent was tested for electrical conductivity, and the results show that the solvent is conductive, which means there are a lot of ions in the system. The existence of ions may help to extract benzene from cyclohexane, a theory which needs to be researched further in the future.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Liquid–Liquid Equilibria of Benzene + Cyclohexane + N,N-Dimethyl Acetamide + Ammonium Thiocyanate at 298.15 K and Atmospheric Pressure

Yang

Zhang

et al. 2015

J. Chem. Eng. Data

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“…The pervaporation apparatus used in this study (Scheme 2) is inspired by the literature [44][45][46]. The pervaporation cell (1) is made of stainless steel with a capacity of 125 cm 3 ; it is divided into two compartments separated by a polymeric membrane deposited on a support containing interconnected pores made of the same metal.…”

Section: Pervaporation Experiments 261 Pervaporation Setupmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The downstream compartment (B) through which the pervaporate passes is directly linked to the two siphon permeation traps ( 9) and ( 10) which operate alternately. The latter are immersed in liquid nitrogen and kept under vacuum (less than 1.6 mbar) using a vacuum pump ( 12 The pervaporation apparatus used in this study (Scheme 2) is inspired by the literature [44,45,46]. The pervaporation cell (1) is made of stainless steel with a capacity of 125 cm 3 ; it is divided into two compartments separated by a polymeric membrane deposited on a support containing interconnected pores made of the same metal.…”

Section: Pervaporation Experiments 261 Pervaporation Setupmentioning

confidence: 99%

Poly(styrene-co-butadiene)/Maghnia-Organo-Montmorillonite Clay Nanocomposite. Preparation, Properties and Application as Membrane in the Separation of Methanol/Toluene Azeotropic Mixture by Pervaporation

et al. 2021

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In order to improve the thermal and mechanical properties of poly(styrene-co-butadiene) (SBR) to use it as a pervaporation membrane in the separation of the azeotropic mixture toluene/methanol, poly(styrene-co-butadiene) crosslinked Maghnia-organo-montmonrillonite (CSBR/OMMT), a nanocomposite of different compositions was first prepared by a solvent casting method. SBR was crosslinked in situ in the presence of OMMT nanoparticles by an efficient vulcanization technique using sulfur as a crosslinking agent and zinc diethyldithiocarbamate as a catalyst. The structure and morphology of the hybrid materials obtained were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and scanning electron microscope analysis. The thermal properties of these hybrid materials were studied by differential scanning calorimetry and thermogravimetric analysis/thermal differential analysis. The mechanical properties were studied by strength measurements. The results obtained occurred when the OMMT was incorporated in the CSBR matrix; a significant increase in the glass transition temperature of the SBR was observed which passed from −27 °C for virgin SBR to −21.5 °C for that containing 12 wt% of OMMT. The addition of OMMT nanoparticles to CSBR also improved the mechanical properties of this copolymer. When the OMMT content in the CSBR varied from 0 to 15% by weight, the tensile strength, the elongation at the nose and the modulus at 100% elongation increased from 3.45 to 6.25 MPa, from 162, 17 to 347.20% and 1.75 to 3.0 MPa, respectively. The results of pervaporation revealed that when the OMMT content varied between 3% and 12%, a significant increase in the total flux, the separation factor and the separation index by pervaporation increased from 260.67 to g m−2 h−1, 0.31 to 1.43, and 0.47 to 113.81 g m−2 h−1, respectively.

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“…Of the many applications of chloromethylated aromatic polymers are cited the following ones: membranes for fuel cells [35], pervaporative membranes [36], membranes for drug delivery [37], macroinitiators for surface-initiated atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) [38,39], solid-state polypeptides synthesis [40], redox units carriers [41], bimolecules carriers [42] and negative-working electron beam resist [43]. It is enlightening to cite one example of halomethylated polymers obtained using the ATRP technique as shown in equation 3 [44]; following this protocol, polyacylamide (PAM) was successfully grafted onto polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) surface, generating hydrophilic surface that is resistant to irreversible adsorption of lysozyme; the PAM-grafted surface exhibited a 20-fold enhancement in resisting irreversible adsorption of lysozyme, compared to bare PDMS.…”

Section: Some Applications Highlightedmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Upon demethylation, the polymers exhibited redox properties with midpotentials of 1017 and 1080 mV, respectively, measured by potentiometric titration. 29Recently, Benguergoura and Moulay [36] used the cross-linking phenomenon for making pervaporative membrane. Applying the chloromethylation protocol (paraformaldehyde/Me 3 SiCl/SnCl 4 ) to styrene-butadiene co-polymer (SBR) (equation (30)), an in situ curing took place producing a convenient membrane for pervaporative separation of benzene-cyclohexane mixture.…”

Section: The Case Of Polystyrenicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards Halomethylated Benzene-Bearing Monomeric and Polymeric Substrates

Moulay

2011

Designed Monomers and Polymers

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This paper presents the trends in the halomethylation reaction of aromatic hydrocarbons and polymeric analogues. Much interest is devoted to the chloromethylation vis-à-vis other halomethylations, even though the incorporated chloromethyl group is the least chemically reactive among the common halomethyl groups (CH 2 Cl, CH 2 Br, CH 2 I). While bromomethylation stands second behind chloromethylation in terms of chemists' interest, a few cases of iodomethylation are cited, and only one case of fluoromethylation was reported. Various halomethylating systems have been devised, starting from the early one, paraformaldehyde/hydrogen halide, then those involving the in situ formation of halomethyl methyl ether (HalMME), and ending with those giving rise to other intermediate halomethylating species. Halomethylated aromatic polymers, including even the fluoromethylated ones, can be achieved by other means, such as polymerization of halomethyl-containing monomers, halogenation of pendent methyl groups and halogen exchange reaction (halex reaction) within halomethyl groups. Reaction conditions, i.e., solvents, catalysts and promoters, are surveyed. Exploitation of the concomitant Friedel-Crafts alkylation in the course of halomethylation is illustrated by some examples. In addition, the quaternization of halomethylated aromatic polymers (particularly the chloromethylation) is inevitably linked to halomethylation; thus, it is selectively evoked to valorize further the halomethylation reaction.

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Styrene–butadiene rubber membranes for the pervaporative separation of benzene/cyclohexane mixtures

Cited by 8 publications

References 51 publications

Liquid–Liquid Equilibria of Benzene + Cyclohexane + N,N-Dimethyl Acetamide + Ammonium Thiocyanate at 298.15 K and Atmospheric Pressure

Liquid–Liquid Equilibria of Benzene + Cyclohexane + N,N-Dimethyl Acetamide + Ammonium Thiocyanate at 298.15 K and Atmospheric Pressure

Poly(styrene-co-butadiene)/Maghnia-Organo-Montmorillonite Clay Nanocomposite. Preparation, Properties and Application as Membrane in the Separation of Methanol/Toluene Azeotropic Mixture by Pervaporation

Towards Halomethylated Benzene-Bearing Monomeric and Polymeric Substrates

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