Study on the thermal degradation of mixtures of ammonium polyphosphate and a novel caged bicyclic phosphate and their flame retardant effect in polypropylene

Flame-retardant mechanism of a novel polymeric intumescent flame retardant containing caged bicyclic phosphate for polypropylene

“…At room temperature, the characteristic absorptions of PETBP were observed. There was no obvious difference of the characteristic bands for PETBP below 250 C. By heating to 300 C, the absorptions of NeH (3250e3700 cm À1 ), CeH (2965, 2908 and 1473 cm À1 ) and PeOeC (1019 cm À1 ) became gradually weaker, which was ascribed to the degradation of phosphate esters (break of PeOeC bond) to form thermostable pyrophosphate [29]. Simultaneously, the eNHeCH 2 e bond was destroyed and released NH 3 .…”

Catalytic pyrolysis and flame retardancy of epoxy resins with solid acid boron phosphate

“…In addition, to quantitatively analyze the influence of BP on residue yield for EP, the calculated value of residue yield for EP/BP composites at 700 C were calculated assuming no interaction between EP and BP. The calculated procedure is as follows [31]: pyrolysis products of the EP/BP composites, the TGA was coupled with Fourier-transform infrared spectrometry (TGA-FTIR, Nicolet 6700) under an atmosphere of N 2 at a heating rate of 20 C/min from 50 C to 800 C. The sample weight was 10 mg for each measurement. To investigate the non-volatile pyrolysis products of the EP/BP composites, residues (corresponding to certain temperatures in TGA measurements) were obtained by heating the samples under the same conditions as the TGA measurements, followed by cooling and analysis by FTIR (Nicolet 6700).…”

Liquefaction of waste pine wood and its application in the synthesis of a flame retardant polyurethane foam

“…19 In the last few years, halogen-containing ame-retardant compounds have been extensively studied. 20,21 But the thermal degradation or burning of a ame retardant polymer with halogen-containing compounds releases toxic gases.…”